Bullying, Harrassment, and Hazing

Bullying, Harassment, or Hazing

LAWS

EDC 200.

It is the policy of the State of California to afford all persons in public schools, regardless of their disability, gender, gender identity, gender expression, nationality, race or ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or any other characteristic that is contained in the definition of hate crimes set forth in Section 422.55 of the Penal Code, including immigration status, equal rights, and opportunities in the educational institutions of the state. The purpose of this chapter is to prohibit acts that are contrary to that policy and to provide remedies therefor.

EDC 201.

(a) All pupils have the right to participate fully in the educational process, free from discrimination and harassment.

(b) California's public schools have an affirmative obligation to combat racism, sexism, and other forms of bias, and a responsibility to provide equal educational opportunity.

(c) Harassment on school grounds directed at an individual on the basis of personal characteristics or status creates a hostile environment and jeopardizes equal educational opportunity as guaranteed by the California Constitution and the United States Constitution.

(d) There is an urgent need to prevent and respond to acts of hate violence and bias-related incidents that are occurring at an increasing rate in California's public schools.

(e) There is an urgent need to teach and inform pupils in the public schools about their rights, as guaranteed by the federal and state constitutions, in order to increase pupils' awareness and understanding of their rights and the rights of others, with the intention of promoting tolerance and sensitivity in public schools and in society as a means of responding to potential harassment and hate violence.

(f) It is the intent of the Legislature that each public school undertake educational activities to counter discriminatory incidents on school grounds and, within constitutional bounds, to minimize and eliminate a hostile environment on school grounds that impairs the access of pupils to equal educational opportunity.

(g) It is the intent of the Legislature that this chapter shall be interpreted as consistent with Article 9.5 (commencing with Section 11135) of Chapter 1 of Part 1 of Division 3 of Title 2 of the Government Code, Title VI of the federal Civil Rights Act of 1964 (42 U.S.C. Sec. 1981, et seq.), Title IX of the Education Amendments of 1972 (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1681, et seq.), Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973

 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794(a)), the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.), the federal Equal Educational Opportunities Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1701, et seq.), the Unruh Civil Rights Act (Secs. 51 to 53, incl., Civ. C.), and the Fair Employment and Housing Act (Pt. 2.8 (commencing with Sec. 12900), Div. 3, Gov. C.), except where this chapter may grant more protections or impose additional obligations, and that the remedies provided herein shall not be the exclusive remedies, but may be combined with remedies that may be provided by the above statutes.

EDC 218.

(a)(1) No later than July 1, 2021, the department shall develop resources or, as appropriate, update existing resources for in-service training on schoolsite and community resources for the support of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, queer, and questioning (LGBTQ) pupils, and strategies to increase support for LGBTQ pupils and thereby improve overall school climate. The resources shall be designed for use in schools operated by a school district or county office of education and charter schools serving pupils in grades 7 to 12, inclusive.

(2) Schools described in paragraph (1) are encouraged to use the resources developed by the department pursuant to paragraph (1) to provide training at least once every two years to teachers and other certificated employees at those schools that serve pupils in grades 7 to 12, inclusive.

(b) The department shall periodically update the schoolsite and community resources for the support of LGBTQ pupils to reflect changes in law.

(c)(1) As used in this section, schoolsite resources for the support of LGBTQ pupils include, but are not limited to, all of the following:

(C) Antibullying and harassment policies and related complaint procedures.

EDC 234.

(a) This article shall be known, and may be cited, as the Safe Place to Learn Act.

(b) It is the policy of the State of California to ensure that all local educational agencies continue to work to reduce discrimination, harassment, violence, intimidation, and bullying. It is further the policy of the state to improve pupil safety at schools and the connections between pupils and supportive adults, schools, and communities.

EDC 234.1.

The department, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 64001, shall monitor adherence to the requirements of Chapter 5.3 (commencing with Section 4900) of Division 1 of Title 5 of the California Code of Regulations and this chapter as part of its regular monitoring and review of local educational agencies, commonly known as the Categorical Program Monitoring process. The department shall assess whether local educational agencies have done all of the following:

(a) Adopted a policy that prohibits discrimination, harassment, intimidation, and bullying based on the actual or perceived characteristics set forth in Section 422.55 of the Penal Code, including immigration status, and Section 220 of this code, and disability, gender, gender identity, gender expression, nationality, race or ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or association with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristics. The policy shall include a statement that the policy applies to all acts related to school activity or school attendance occurring within a school under the jurisdiction of the superintendent of the school district.

(b) Adopted a process for receiving and investigating complaints of discrimination, harassment, intimidation, and bullying based on any of the actual or perceived characteristics set forth in Section 422.55 of the Penal Code, including immigration status, and Section 220 of this code, and disability, gender, gender identity, gender expression, nationality, race or ethnicity, religion, sexual orientation, or association with a person or group with one or more of these actual or perceived characteristics. The complaint process shall include, but not be limited to, all of the following:

(1) A requirement that, if school personnel witness an act of discrimination, harassment, intimidation, or bullying, they shall take immediate steps to intervene when safe to do so.

(2) A timeline to investigate and resolve complaints of discrimination, harassment, intimidation, or bullying that shall be followed by all schools under the jurisdiction of the school district.

(3) An appeal process afforded to the complainant in the case of a disagreement with the resolution of a complaint filed pursuant to this section.

(4) All forms developed pursuant to this process shall be translated pursuant to Section 48985.

(c) Publicized antidiscrimination, antiharassment, anti-intimidation, and antibullying policies adopted pursuant to subdivision (a), including information about the manner in which to file a complaint, to pupils, parents, employees, agents of the governing board, and the general public. The information shall be translated pursuant to Section 48985.

(d)(1) Provided, incident to the publicizing described in subdivision (c), to certificated schoolsite employees who serve pupils in any of grades 7 to 12, inclusive, who are employed by the local educational agency, information on existing schoolsite and community resources related to the support of lesbian, gay, bisexual, transgender, and questioning (LGBTQ) pupils, or related to the support of pupils who may face bias or bullying on the basis of religious affiliation, or perceived religious affiliation.

(2) As used in this subdivision, both of the following apply:

(A) Schoolsite resources may include, but are not limited to, peer support or affinity clubs and organizations, safe spaces for LGBTQ or other at-promise pupils, counseling services, staff who have received antibias or other training aimed at supporting these pupils or who serve as designated support to these pupils, health and other curriculum materials that are inclusive of, and relevant to, these pupils, online training developed pursuant to Section 32283.5, and other policies adopted pursuant to this article, including related complaint procedures.

(B) Community resources may include, but are not limited to, community-based organizations that provide support to LGBTQ or other at-promise pupils and their families, and physical and mental health providers with experience or training in treating or supporting these pupils.

(e) Posted the policy established pursuant to subdivision (a) in all schools and offices, including staff lounges and pupil government meeting rooms.

(f) Maintained documentation of complaints and their resolution for a minimum of one review cycle.

(g) Ensured that complainants are protected from retaliation and that the identity of a complainant alleging discrimination, harassment, intimidation, or bullying remains confidential, as appropriate.

(h) Identified a responsible local educational agency officer for ensuring school district or county office of education compliance with the requirements of Chapter 5.3 (commencing with Section 4900) of Division 1 of Title 5 of the California Code of Regulations and this chapter.

(i) Nothing in this section shall be construed to require school employees to engage with religious institutions in the course of identifying community support resources pursuant to this section.

EDC 234.2.

(a) The department shall display current information, and periodically update information, on curricula and other resources that specifically address bias-related discrimination, harassment, intimidation, cyber sexual bullying, as defined in Section 48900, and bullying based on any of the actual or perceived characteristics set forth in Section 422.55 of the Penal Code and Section 220 on the California Healthy Kids Resource Center Internet Web site and other appropriate department Internet Web sites where information about discrimination, harassment, intimidation, cyber sexual bullying, and bullying is posted.

(b) The department shall annually inform school districts of the information on the California Healthy Kids Resource Center Internet Web site and other appropriate department Internet Web sites where information about cyber sexual bullying is posted pursuant to subdivision (a). The department may use electronic mail to inform school districts of this information. (c) School districts are encouraged to inform pupils regarding the available information and resources on the department's Internet Web sites regarding the dangers and consequences of cyber sexual bullying to help reduce the instances of cyber sexual bullying.

EDC 234.3.

The department shall develop a model handout describing the rights and obligations set forth in Sections 200, 201, and 220 and the policies addressing bias-related discrimination, harassment, intimidation, and bullying in schools. This model handout shall be posted on appropriate department Internet Web sites.

EDC 234.4.

(a) A local educational agency shall adopt, on or before December 31, 2019, procedures for preventing acts of bullying, including cyberbullying.

(b) For purposes of this section, a "local educational agency" means a school district, a county office of education, or a charter school.

EDC 234.5.

(a) The Superintendent shall post, and annually update, on the department's Internet Web site and provide to each school district a list of statewide resources, including community-based organizations, that provide support to youth, and their families, who have been subjected to school-based discrimination, harassment, intimidation, or bullying, including school-based discrimination, harassment, intimidation, or bullying on the basis of religious affiliation, nationality, race, or ethnicity, or perceived religious affiliation, nationality, race, or ethnicity.

(b) The department's Internet Web site shall also include a list of statewide resources for youth who have been affected by gangs, gun violence, and psychological trauma caused by violence at home, at school, and in the community.

EDC 234.6.

(a) For purposes of this article, "local educational agency" means a county office of education, school district, state special school, or charter school.

(b) Commencing with the 2020-21 academic year, each local educational agency shall ensure that all of the following information is readily accessible in a prominent location on the local educational agency's existing internet website in a manner that is easily accessible to parents or guardians and pupils:

(1) The local educational agency's policy on pupil suicide prevention in grades 7 to 12, inclusive, adopted pursuant to Section 215.

(2) The local educational agency's policy on pupil suicide prevention in kindergarten and grades 1 to 6, inclusive, adopted pursuant to Section 215, including reference to the age appropriateness of that policy.

(3) The definition of discrimination and harassment based on sex as described in Section 230. This shall include the rights set forth in Section 221.8.

(4) The Title IX information included on a local educational agency's internet website pursuant to Section 221.61.

(5) A link to the Title IX information included on the department's internet website pursuant to Section 221.6.

(6) The local educational agency's written policy on sexual harassment, as it pertains to pupils, prepared pursuant to Section 231.5.

(7) The local educational agency's policy, if it exists, on preventing and responding to hate violence as described in Section 233.

(8) The local educational agency's anti-discrimination, anti-harassment, anti-intimidation, and anti- bullying policies as described in Section 234.1.

(9) The local educational agency's anti-cyberbullying procedures adopted pursuant to Section 234.4.

(10) A section on social media bullying that includes all of the following references to possible forums for social media bullying:

(A) Internet websites with free registration and ease of registration. (B) Internet websites offering peer-to-peer instant messaging.
(C) Internet websites offering comment forums or sections.
(D) Internet websites offering image or video posting platforms.

(11) A link to statewide resources, including community-based organizations, compiled by the department pursuant to Section 234.5.

(12) Any additional information a local educational agency deems important for preventing bullying and harassment.

EDC 32261.

(d) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter to encourage school districts, county offices of education, law enforcement agencies, and agencies serving youth to develop and implement interagency strategies, in-service training programs, and activities that will improve school attendance and reduce school crime and violence, including vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership, gang violence, hate crimes, bullying, including bullying committed personally or by means of an electronic act, teen relationship violence, and discrimination and harassment, including, but not limited to, sexual harassment. [...]

(f) As used in this chapter, "bullying" has the same meaning as set forth in subdivision (r) of Section 48900.

EDC 32265.

(a) The partnership shall sponsor at least two regional conferences for school districts, county offices of education, agencies serving youth, allied agencies, community-based organizations, and law enforcement agencies to identify exemplary programs and techniques that have been effectively used to reduce school crime, including hate crimes, vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership and gang violence, truancy, and excessive absenteeism.

(b) The conference may include, but need not be limited to, information on all of the following topics:

(9) Bullying prevention, including the prevention of acts committed personally or by means of an electronic act.

EDC 32270.

(a) The partnership shall establish a statewide school safety cadre for the purpose of facilitating interagency coordination and collaboration among school districts, county offices of education, agencies serving youth, allied agencies, community-based organizations, and law enforcement agencies to improve school attendance, encourage good citizenship, and to reduce school violence, school crime, including hate crimes, vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership and gang violence, truancy rates, bullying, including acts that are committed personally or by means of an electronic act, teen relationship violence, and discrimination and harassment, including, but not limited to, sexual harassment.

(b) The partnership may appoint up to 100 professionals from educational agencies, community-based organizations, allied agencies, and law enforcement to the statewide cadre.

(c) The partnership shall provide training to the statewide cadre representatives to enable them to initiate and maintain school community safety programs among school districts, county offices of education, agencies serving youth, allied agencies, community-based organizations, and law enforcement agencies in each region.

EDC 32282.

(a) The comprehensive school safety plan shall include, but not be limited to, both of the following:

(2) Identifying appropriate strategies and programs that will provide or maintain a high level of school safety and address the school's procedures for complying with existing laws related to school safety, which shall include the development of all of the following:

(E) A discrimination and harassment policy consistent with the prohibition against discrimination contained in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 200) of Part 1.

(e) As comprehensive school safety plans are reviewed and updated, the Legislature encourages all plans, to the extent that resources are available, to include policies and procedures aimed at the prevention of bullying.

EDC 32283.

The Department of Justice and the State Department of Education, in accordance with Section 32262, shall contract with one or more professional trainers to coordinate statewide workshops for school districts, county offices of education, and schoolsite personnel, and in particular school principals, to assist them in the development of their respective school safety and crisis response plans, and provide training in the prevention of bullying as defined in subdivision (r) of Section 48900. The Department of Justice and the State Department of Education shall work in cooperation with regard to the workshops coordinated and presented pursuant to the contracts. Implementation of this section shall be contingent upon the availability of funds in the annual Budget Act.

EDC 32283.5.

(a) The department shall develop and post on its internet website an online training module to assist all school staff, school administrators, parents, pupils, and community members in increasing their knowledge of the dynamics of bullying and cyberbullying. The online training module shall include, but is not limited to, identifying an act of bullying or cyberbullying and implementing strategies to address bullying and cyberbullying.

(b) The department shall post on its internet website and annually update a list of available online training modules relating to bullying or bullying prevention.

(c) A school operated by a school district or a county office of education and a charter school shall annually make available the online training module developed by the department pursuant to subdivision (a) to certificated schoolsite employees and all other schoolsite employees who have regular interaction with pupils.

EDC 33546.

(a) When the "Health Framework for California Public Schools" (health framework) is next revised after January 1, 2017, the commission shall consider including comprehensive information for kindergarten and grades 1 to 8, inclusive, on the development of healthy relationships, which shall be age and developmentally appropriate and consistent with the health education standards adopted by the state board.

(b) If the commission includes comprehensive information on the development of healthy relationships in the health framework, the commission shall comply with both of the following:

(1) Ensure information included in the health framework is research-based and appropriate for pupils of all races, genders, sexual orientations, gender identities, and ethnic and cultural backgrounds. This may include, but shall not be limited to, reviewing other states' curricula.

(2) Consult with teachers and educators with expertise in curriculum for developing healthy relationships.

(c) For purposes of this section, the "development of healthy relationships" includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:

(1) Understanding the principles of treating one another with respect, dignity, and kindness.

(2) Demonstrating the ability to use interpersonal communication skills to address and resolve disagreement and conflict.

(3) Recognizing when and how to respond to dangerous or other situations that may result in the bullying, harassment, harming, or hurting of another person.

EDC 48900.

A pupil shall not be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion, unless the superintendent of the school district or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has committed an act as defined pursuant to any of subdivisions (a) to (r), inclusive:

(p) Unlawfully offered, arranged to sell, negotiated to sell, or sold the prescription drug Soma.

(q) Engaged in, or attempted to engage in, hazing. For purposes of this subdivision, "hazing" means a method of initiation or preinitiation into a pupil organization or body, whether or not the organization or body is officially recognized by an educational institution, that is likely to cause serious bodily injury or personal degradation or disgrace resulting in physical or mental harm to a former, current, or prospective pupil. For purposes of this subdivision, "hazing" does not include athletic events or school- sanctioned events.

(r) Engaged in an act of bullying. For purposes of this subdivision, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) "Bullying" means any severe or pervasive physical or verbal act or conduct, including communications made in writing or by means of an electronic act, and including one or more acts committed by a pupil or group of pupils as defined in Section 48900.2, 48900.3, or 48900.4, directed toward one or more pupils that has or can be reasonably predicted to have the effect of one or more of the following:

(A) Placing a reasonable pupil or pupils in fear of harm to that pupil's or those pupils' person or property.

(B) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience a substantially detrimental effect on the pupil's physical or mental health.

(C) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience substantial interference with the pupil's academic performance.

(D) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience substantial interference with the pupil's ability to participate in or benefit from the services, activities, or privileges provided by a school.

(2)(A) "Electronic act" means the creation or transmission originated on or off the schoolsite, by means of an electronic device, including, but not limited to, a telephone, wireless telephone, or other wireless communication device, computer, or pager, of a communication, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(i) A message, text, sound, video, or image.
(ii) A post on a social network internet website, including, but not limited to:

(I) Posting to or creating a burn page. "Burn page" means an internet website created for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1).

(II) Creating a credible impersonation of another actual pupil for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1). "Credible impersonation" means to knowingly and without consent impersonate a pupil for the purpose of bullying the pupil and such that another pupil would reasonably believe, or has reasonably believed, that the pupil was or is the pupil who was impersonated.

(III) Creating a false profile for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1). "False profile" means a profile of a fictitious pupil or a profile using the likeness or attributes of an actual pupil other than the pupil who created the false profile.

(iii)(I) An act of cyber sexual bullying.

(II) For purposes of this clause, "cyber sexual bullying" means the dissemination of, or the solicitation or incitement to disseminate, a photograph or other visual recording by a pupil to another pupil or to school personnel by means of an electronic act that has or can be reasonably predicted to have one or more of the effects described in subparagraphs (A) to (D), inclusive, of paragraph (1). A photograph or other visual recording, as described in this subclause, shall include the depiction of a nude, semi-nude, or sexually explicit photograph or other visual recording of a minor where the minor is identifiable from the photograph, visual recording, or other electronic act.

(III) For purposes of this clause, "cyber sexual bullying" does not include a depiction, portrayal, or image that has any serious literary, artistic, educational, political, or scientific value or that involves athletic events or school-sanctioned activities.

(B) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) and subparagraph (A), an electronic act shall not constitute pervasive conduct solely on the basis that it has been transmitted on the internet or is currently posted on the internet.

(3) "Reasonable pupil" means a pupil, including, but not limited to, a pupil with exceptional needs, who exercises average care, skill, and judgment in conduct for a person of that age, or for a person of that age with the pupil's exceptional needs.

EDC 48900.2.

In addition to the reasons specified in Section 48900, a pupil may be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion if the superintendent or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has committed sexual harassment as defined in Section 212.5.

For the purposes of this chapter, the conduct described in Section 212.5 must be considered by a reasonable person of the same gender as the victim to be sufficiently severe or pervasive to have a negative impact upon the individual's academic performance or to create an intimidating, hostile, or offensive educational environment. This section shall not apply to pupils enrolled in kindergarten and grades 1 to 3, inclusive.

EDC 48900.3.

In addition to the reasons set forth in Sections 48900 and 48900.2, a pupil in any of grades 4 to 12, inclusive, may be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion if the superintendent or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has caused, attempted to cause, threatened to cause, or participated in an act of, hate violence, as defined in subdivision (e) of Section 233.

EDC 48900.4.

In addition to the grounds specified in Sections 48900 and 48900.2, a pupil enrolled in any of grades 4 to 12, inclusive, may be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion if the superintendent or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has intentionally engaged in harassment, threats, or intimidation, directed against school district personnel or pupils, that is sufficiently severe or pervasive to have the actual and reasonably expected effect of materially disrupting classwork, creating substantial disorder, and invading the rights of either school personnel or pupils by creating an intimidating or hostile educational environment.

EDC 48900.9.

(a) The superintendent of a school district, the principal of a school, or the principal's designee may refer a victim of, witness to, or other pupil affected by, an act of bullying, as defined in paragraph (1) of subdivision (r) of Section 48900, committed on or after January 1, 2015, to the school counselor, school psychologist, social worker, child welfare attendance personnel, school nurse, or other school support service personnel for case management, counseling, and participation in a restorative justice program, as appropriate.

(b) A pupil who has engaged in an act of bullying, as defined in paragraph (1) of subdivision (r) of Section 48900, may also be referred to the school counselor, school psychologist, social worker, child welfare attendance personnel, or other school support service personnel for case management and counseling, or for participation in a restorative justice program, pursuant to Section 48900.5.

PEN 245.6.

(a) It shall be unlawful to engage in hazing, as defined in this section.

(b) "Hazing" means any method of initiation or preinitiation into a student organization or student body, whether or not the organization or body is officially recognized by an educational institution, which is likely to cause serious bodily injury to any former, current, or prospective student of any school, community college, college, university, or other educational institution in this state. The term "hazing" does not include customary athletic events or school-sanctioned events.

(c) A violation of this section that does not result in serious bodily injury is a misdemeanor, punishable by a fine of not less than one hundred dollars ($100), nor more than five thousand dollars ($5,000), or imprisonment in the county jail for not more than one year, or both.

(d) Any person who personally engages in hazing that results in death or serious bodily injury as defined in paragraph (4) of subdivision (f) of Section 243 of the Penal Code, is guilty of either a misdemeanor or a felony, and shall be punished by imprisonment in county jail not exceeding one year, or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170.

(e) The person against whom the hazing is directed may commence a civil action for injury or damages. The action may be brought against any participants in the hazing, or any organization to which the student is seeking membership whose agents, directors, trustees, managers, or officers authorized, requested, commanded, participated in, or ratified the hazing.

(f) Prosecution under this section shall not prohibit prosecution under any other provision of law.

REGULATIONS
§ 4600. General definitions.

 As used in this chapter, the term:

(d) Complainant" means any individual, including a person's duly authorized representative or an interested third party, public agency, or organization who files a written complaint alleging violation of federal or state laws or regulations, including allegations of unlawful discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying in programs and activities funded directly by the state or receiving any financial assistance from the state.

(e) Complaint" means a written and signed statement alleging a violation of federal or state laws or regulations, which may include an allegation of unlawful discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying. A signature may be handwritten, typed (including in an email) or electronically generated.

Complaints may be filed anonymously pursuant to section 4630(e). Notwithstanding section 4600(d), a complaint filed on behalf of an individual student may only be filed by that student or that student's duly authorized representative. If the complainant is unable to put the complaint in writing, due to conditions such as a disability or illiteracy, the local agency shall assist the complainant in the filing of the complaint.

(f) Complaint investigation" means an administrative process used by CDE or local educational agency (LEA) for the purpose of gathering data regarding the complaint.

(g) Complaint procedure" means an internal process used by the CDE or LEA to process and resolve complaints.

(h) Days" means calendar days unless designated otherwise.

(i) Direct state intervention" means the steps taken by the CDE to initially investigate complaints or effect compliance.

(j) Educational activity" shall have the same definition as found in Education Code section 49010(a).

(k) Facilities that pose an emergency or urgent threat to the health or safety of pupils or staff" means a condition as defined in Education Code section 17592.72(c)(1) and any other emergency conditions the school district determines appropriate.

§ 4620. LEA responsibilities.

Each LEA shall have the primary responsibility to ensure compliance with applicable state and federal laws and regulations. Each LEA shall investigate complaints alleging failure to comply with applicable state and federal laws and regulations and/or alleging discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying and seek to resolve those complaints in accordance with the procedures set out in this chapter and in accordance with the policies and procedures of the governing board or authorized designee.

§ 4621. District policies and procedures.

(a) Each LEA shall adopt policies and procedures consistent with sections 4600 through 4694 of this chapter for the investigation and resolution of complaints. Local policies shall ensure that complainants are protected from retaliation and that the identity of a complainant alleging discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying remain confidential as appropriate. School districts, County Offices of Education, and direct-funded charter schools shall submit their policies and procedures to the local governing board or authorized designee for adoption.

(b) Each LEA shall include in its policies and procedures the person(s), employee(s) or agency position(s) or unit(s) responsible for receiving complaints, investigating complaints and ensuring LEA compliance. The LEA's policies shall ensure that the person(s), employee(s), position(s) or unit(s) responsible for compliance and/or investigations shall be knowledgeable about the laws/programs that he/she is assigned to investigate.

(c) The LEA may provide a complaint form for persons wishing to file a complaint to fill out and file. However, a person is not required to use the complaint form furnished by the LEA in order to file a complaint.

§ 4622. Notice.

(a) Each LEA shall annually notify in writing, as applicable, its students, employees, parents or guardians of its students, the district advisory committees, school advisory committees, appropriate private school officials or representatives, and other interested parties of their LEA complaint procedures and the provisions of this chapter. The notice may be made available on the LEA's website.

(b) The notice shall:

(1) Include the title of the position whose occupant is responsible for processing complaints, and the identity(ies) of the person(s) currently occupying that position, if known;

(2) Advise of the opportunity to appeal the LEA Investigation Report to the CDE, except when the LEA has used its local uniform complaint procedures to address a complaint not described in section 4610(b);

(3) Advise the recipient of any civil law remedies that may also be available under state or federal discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying laws, if applicable, and of the appeal pursuant to Education Code section 262.3;

(4) Include the information required by Education Code section 33315(a)(7); and

(5) Include information regarding the requirements of Education Code sections 49010 through 49013 relating to pupil fees.

(c) The notice shall be in English, and when necessary, in the primary language, pursuant to Education Code section 48985, or mode of communication of the recipient of the notice.

(d) Copies of LEA complaint procedures shall be available free of charge.

§ 4630. Filing a local complaint; procedures, time lines.

(a) Complaints shall be filed not later than one year from the date the alleged violation occurred, except as stated in subdivision (b) below. For complaints relating to Local Control and Accountability Plans (LCAP), the date of the alleged violation is the date when the reviewing authority approves the LCAP or annual update that was adopted by the LEA.

(b) An investigation of alleged unlawful discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying shall be initiated by filing a complaint not later than six months from the date the alleged discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying occurred, or the date the complainant first obtained knowledge of the facts of the alleged discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying unless the time for filing is extended by the district or county superintendent or charter school administrator or similarly authorized charter school individual, or that person's designee, upon written request by the complainant setting forth the reasons for the extension. Such extension by the district or county superintendent or charter school administrator or similarly authorized charter school individual, or that person's designee shall be made in writing. The period for filing may be extended by the district or county superintendent or charter school administrator or similarly authorized charter school individual, or that person's designee for good cause for a period not to exceed 90 days following the expiration of the six-month time period. The district or county superintendent or charter school administrator or similarly authorized charter school individual, or that person's designee shall respond immediately upon a receipt of a request for extension.

(c) A complaint of alleged unlawful discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying may be filed by an individual who alleges that that individual has personally suffered unlawful discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying, or by one who believes any specific class of individuals has been subjected to discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying prohibited by this part, or by a duly authorized representative who alleges that an individual student has been subjected to discrimination, harassment, intimidation, or bullying.

(1) The complaint shall be filed with the LEA in accordance with the complaint procedures of the LEA.

(2) An investigation of a discrimination, harassment, intimidation or bullying complaint shall be conducted in a manner that protects confidentiality of the parties and maintains the integrity of the process.

(d) Pupil fee complaints may be filed with the principal of the school.

(e) Pupil fee complaints and complaints regarding local control and accountability plans only, may be filed anonymously, that is, without an identifying signature, if the complaint provides evidence or information leading to evidence to support an allegation of noncompliance with Education Code sections 49010 and 49011 regarding pupil fees or an allegation of noncompliance with Education Code sections 52060 through 52077, including an allegation of a violation of Education Code sections 47606.5 or 47607.3, as referenced in Education Code section 52075, regarding local control and accountability plans.

§ 4631. Responsibilities of the LEA.

(a) Upon receipt of a complaint, the LEA person responsible for the investigation of the complaints or that person's designee shall conduct and complete an investigation of the complaint in accordance with the local procedures adopted pursuant to section 4621 and prepare a written LEA Investigation Report. This 60-day time period may be extended with the written agreement of the complainant.

(b) The investigation shall include an opportunity for the complainant, or the complainant's representative, or both, to present evidence or information leading to evidence to support the allegations of non- compliance with state and federal laws and/or regulations.

(c) Refusal by the complainant to provide the investigator with documents or other evidence related to the allegations in the complaint, or to otherwise fail or refuse to cooperate in the investigation or engage in any other obstruction of the investigation, may result in the dismissal of the complaint because of a lack of evidence to support the allegations.

(d) Refusal by the LEA to provide the investigator with access to records and/or other information related to the allegation in the complaint, or to otherwise fail or refuse to cooperate in the investigation or engage in any other obstruction of the investigation, may result in a finding based on evidence collected that a violation has occurred and may result in the imposition of a remedy in favor of the complainant.

(e) The LEA shall issue an LEA Investigation Report based on the evidence. The LEA Investigation Report shall be in writing and sent to the complainant within 60 days from receipt of the complaint by the LEA, subject to any extension under subsection (a) above. The LEA Investigation Report shall include:

(1) the findings of fact based on the evidence gathered;

(2) conclusion providing a clear determination as to each allegation as to whether the LEA is in compliance with the relevant law; and

(3) if the LEA finds merit in the complaint, corrective actions including in the case of complaints related to subsections (a)(1)(I), (J), (K) and (L) of Education Code section 33315, or as otherwise required by law, a remedy to all affected pupils, parents, and guardians. With respect to a pupil fees complaint, corrective actions shall include, a remedy that comports with Education Code section 49013(d) and section 4600(t).

(4) notice of the complainant's right to appeal the LEA Investigation Report to the CDE, except when the LEA has used its local uniform complaint procedures to address a complaint not described in section 4610(b); and

(5) procedures to be followed for initiating an appeal to the CDE.

(f) Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit the parties from utilizing alternative methods to resolve the allegations in the complaint, including, but not limited to, local mediation.

(g) Nothing in this chapter shall prohibit an LEA from resolving complaints prior to the formal filing of a written complaint.

§ 4632. Appeal of LEA investigation report - grounds.

(a) The complainant may appeal an LEA Investigation Report for a complaint described in section 4610(b) to the CDE by filing a written appeal within 30 days of the date of the LEA Investigation Report.

(b) In order to request an appeal, the complainant must specify and explain the basis for the appeal, including at least one of the following:

(1) The LEA failed to follow its complaint procedures, and/or

(2) Relative to the allegations of the complaint, the LEA Investigation Report lacks material findings of fact necessary to reach a conclusion of law, and/or

(3) The material findings of fact in the LEA Investigation Report are not supported by substantial evidence, and/or

(4) The legal conclusion in the LEA Investigation Report is inconsistent with the law, and/or

(5) In a case in which the LEA found noncompliance, the corrective actions fail to provide a proper remedy.

(c) The appeal shall be accompanied by:
(1) a copy of the locally filed complaint; and

(2) a copy of the LEA Investigation Report.

(d) Appeals that do not comply with subsections (a) through (c), or do not pertain to subject matter described in section 4610(b), will not be processed. The CDE will notify the appellant of the deficiencies.

(e) If the CDE determines the appeal raises issues not contained in the local complaint, the CDE will refer those new issues back to the LEA for resolution as a new complaint under section 4630 or 4631.

(f) If the CDE determines that the LEA Investigation Report failed to address an allegation raised by the complaint and subject to the UCP process, the CDE shall notify the LEA of such failure and direct the LEA to investigate and address such allegation(s) in accordance with this chapter. The LEA must provide both the CDE and the appellant with an amended investigation report that addresses the complaint allegation(s) that was not addressed in the original Investigation Report within 20 days of such notification. The amended report must also inform the appellant of the right to separately appeal, in accordance with this section, the amended investigation report with respect to the complaint allegation(s) that was not addressed in the original report. The CDE will proceed with its resolution of the appeal of the LEA Investigation Report as to allegations that have been addressed even while, at the same time, the LEA is preparing an amended investigation report as to any allegation(s) that the CDE identified as not having been addressed.

§ 4633. Appeal of LEA investigation report.

(a) If the LEA Investigation Report is appealed and meets the requirements of section 4632, subdivisions (a) through (c), the CDE shall notify the LEA of the appeal. Upon notification by the CDE that the LEA Investigation Report has been appealed, the LEA shall forward the following to the CDE within 10 days of the date of notification:

(1) A copy of the original complaint;
(2) A copy of the LEA Investigation Report;

(3) A copy of the investigation file, including but not limited to, all notes, interviews and documents submitted by the parties or gathered by the investigator;

(4) A report of any action taken to resolve the complaint;
(5) A copy of the LEA complaint procedures; and
(6) Such other relevant information as the CDE may request.

An LEA's failure to provide a timely and complete response may result in the CDE ruling on the appeal without considering information from the LEA.

(b) In deciding an appeal, the CDE shall not consider any information not previously presented to the LEA investigator during the investigation, unless requested by the CDE. Any confidential information or pupil information in the investigative file shall remain confidential and shall not be disclosed by the CDE, to the extent permitted by law.

(c) The CDE may contact the parties for further information, if necessary.

(d) The CDE shall review the investigation file, the complaint procedures, documents and any other evidence received from the LEA and determine whether:

(1) The LEA followed its complaint procedures;

(2) The LEA Investigation Report includes material findings of fact necessary to reach a conclusion of law on the subject of the appeal;

(3) The material findings of fact in the LEA Investigation Report are supported by substantial evidence; (4) The LEA Investigation Report includes a legal conclusion(s) that is consistent with the law; and
(5) In a case in which the LEA found noncompliance, the corrective actions provide a proper remedy.

(e) If the CDE determines that the LEA Investigation Report meets the criteria in subsection (d) above, the appeal shall be denied.

(f) If the CDE determines that the LEA Investigation Report is deficient because it does not meet the criteria in subsection (d) above, the CDE may:

(1) Notify the LEA of such deficiencies and return the LEA Investigation Report to the LEA for further processing and instruct the LEA to provide both the CDE and the complainant with an amended Investigation Report within 20 days of such notification, which amended report must inform the complainant of the right to appeal in accordance with section 4632.; or

(2) Issue a Decision based on the evidence in the investigation file received from the LEA; or

(3) Conduct a further investigation of the allegations which are the basis for the appeal and issue a Decision.

(g) An appeal decision issued by the CDE shall include the following:
(1) A finding that the LEA complied or did not comply with its complaint procedures;

(2) The CDE's determination as to the LEA's findings of fact and conclusions of law regarding the issue on appeal; and

(3) Corrective actions as appropriate and including a remedy to the affected pupil, or in the case of complaints related to subsections (a)(1)(I), (a)(1)(J), (a)(1)(K), and (a)(1)(L) of Education Code section 33315 , or as otherwise required by law, a remedy to all affected pupils, parents, and guardians. With respect to a pupil fee complaint, corrective actions shall include a remedy that comports with Education Code section 49013(d) and section 4600(t).

(h) The CDE must issue a written Decision regarding an appeal-to the appellant within 60 days of the CDE's receipt of the appeal, unless extended by written agreement with the appellant, or the CDE documents exceptional circumstances and informs the appellant, or the CDE receives notice that the matter has been resolved at the local level, or the CDE receives notice that the matter has been judicially decided.

§ 4640. Filing a state complaint that has not first been filed at the Local Educational Agency (LEA); time lines, notice, appeal rights.

(a) If a complaint is erroneously filed with the CDE without first being filed with and investigated by the LEA, the CDE shall immediately forward the complaint to the LEA for processing in accordance with article 4 of this chapter, unless extraordinary circumstances exist necessitating direct state intervention as described at section 4650.

(b) The CDE will notify the complainant in writing that:

(1) The CDE does not have jurisdiction, at this time, over the complaint and that the complaint should have been filed with the LEA in the first instance;

(2) That the complaint has been transferred to the LEA requesting the LEA to process and investigate the allegation in the complaint; and

(3) That the complainant may file an appeal to the CDE following the issuance of the LEA Investigation Report, pursuant to section 4632.

§ 4650. Basis of direct state intervention.

(a) The CDE may at its discretion directly intervene without waiting for an LEA investigation if one or more of the following situations exist:

(1) The complaint includes an allegation that an LEA failed to comply with the complaint procedures required by this chapter and its local rules and regulations, including, but not limited to, the failure or refusal of the LEA to cooperate with the investigation;

(2) The complainant requests anonymity because the complainant would be in danger of retaliation and would suffer immediate and irreparable harm if the complainant filed a complaint with the LEA (except for complaints identified in section 4630(e), which may be filed anonymously at the local level);

(3) The complainant alleges that the LEA failed or refused to implement the final LEA Investigation Report resulting from its local investigation or local mediation agreement or a CDE appeal Decision;

(4) The complainant alleges that through no fault of the complainant, no action has been taken by the LEA within 60 calendar days of the date the complaint was filed. Prior to direct intervention, the CDE shall attempt to work with the LEA to allow it to complete the investigation and issue an LEA Investigation Report; or

(5) The complainant alleges that the complainant would suffer immediate and irreparable harm as a result of an application of a district-wide policy that is in conflict with state or federal law covered by this chapter, and that filing a complaint with the LEA would be futile.

(b) The CDE shall directly intervene without waiting for LEA investigation if the complaint alleges that an agency that is not an LEA violated laws relating to a Child Care and Development program;

(c) The complaint shall identify the basis, as described in subdivision (a) or subdivision (b) above, for filing the complaint directly to the CDE. The complainant must present the CDE with evidence that supports the basis for the direct filing.

§ 4651. Notification.

(a) When the Department accepts, a complaint requesting direct state intervention pursuant to section 4650, it will immediately notify the complainant in writing of the determination. If the complaint is not accepted, it shall be referred to the LEA for local investigation, or referred to another agency pursuant to section 4611.

(b) When the CDE declines direct intervention for a complainant who requests anonymity pursuant to section 4650(a)(2), the CDE will not forward the complaint to the LEA pursuant to section 4640 without the complainant's permission.

§ 4663. Department investigation procedures.

(a) The investigator(s) shall request all documentation and other evidence regarding the allegations in the complaint.

(b) The investigation shall include an opportunity for the complainant, or the complainant's representative, or both, to present the evidence or information leading to evidence to support the allegations of non- compliance with state and federal laws and/or regulations.

(c) Refusal by the complainant to provide the investigator with documents or other evidence related to the allegations in the complaint, or to otherwise fail or refuse to cooperate in the investigation or engage in any other obstruction of the investigation may result in the dismissal of the complaint because of a lack of evidence to support the allegations.

(d) Refusal by the local educational agency to provide the investigator with access to records and/or other information related to the allegation in the complaint, or to otherwise fail or refuse to cooperate in the investigation or engage in any other obstruction of the investigation may result in a finding based on evidence collected that a violation has occurred and may result in the imposition of a remedy in favor of the complainant.

§ 4664. Department investigation report.

(a) In cases of direct state intervention, the CDE shall issue a Department Investigation Report. The Department Investigation Report shall include the following:

(1) A summary of the allegations in the complaint;
(2) A description of the general procedures of the investigation; (3) Citations of applicable law and regulations;
(4) Department findings of facts;
(5) Department conclusions;

(6) Corrective actions for the LEA or other public agency as defined in section 3200, if applicable; (7) Time line for corrective actions, if applicable;

(8) Notice that any party may request reconsideration of the Department Investigation Report from the Superintendent within 30 days of the date of the report;

(9) For those federal programs for which there is a right to appeal to the United States Secretary of Education, the parties shall be notified of that right.

(b) The CDE must issue a written Department Investigation Report to the complainant within 60 days of receipt of the complaint, unless the parties have agreed to extend the time line or the CDE documents exceptional circumstances and informs the complainant, or the matter has been resolved at the local level or judicially decided.

§ 4665. Reconsideration of department investigation report.

(a) Within 30 days of the date of the Department Investigation Report, either party may request reconsideration by the Superintendent or the Superintendent's designee. The request for reconsideration shall specify and explain why:

(1) Relative to the allegation(s), the Department Investigation Report lacks material findings of fact necessary to reach a conclusion of law on the subject of the complaint, and/or

(2) The material findings of fact in the Department Investigation Report are not supported by substantial evidence, and/or

(3) The legal conclusion in the Department Investigation Report is inconsistent with the law, and/or

(4) In a case in which the CDE found noncompliance, the corrective actions fail to provide a proper remedy.

(b) In evaluating or deciding on a request for reconsideration, the CDE will not consider any information not previously submitted to the CDE by a party during the investigation unless such information was unknown to the party at time of the investigation and, with due diligence, could not have become known to the party. This prohibition does not prohibit the CDE from seeking and obtaining information from any source necessary to issue an accurate Department Investigation Report.

(c) Within 60 days of the receipt of the request for reconsideration, the Superintendent or the Superintendent's designee shall respond in writing to the parties. Such response may include a denial of the request for reconsideration, or modifications to the Department Investigation Report necessary to ensure factual and legal accuracy. Pending the Superintendent's response to a request for reconsideration, the Department Investigation Report remains in effect and enforceable, unless stayed by a court.

(d) Appeals from investigations of complaints involving Child Development contractors, whether public or private, shall be made to the Superintendent of Public Instruction as provided in subsection (a) except as otherwise provided in division 19 of title 5 of the Code of California Regulations.

(e) For those federal programs for which there is a right to appeal to the United States Secretary of Education, the parties shall be notified of that right.

§ 4670. Enforcement.

(a) Upon determination that a local agency violated the provisions of this chapter, the Department shall notify the local agency pursuant to sections 4633(g)(3) or 4664(b) that it must take corrective action to come into compliance. If corrective action is not taken, the Department may use any means authorized by law to effect compliance, including, but not limited to:

(1) The withholding of all or part of the local agency's relevant state or federal fiscal support in accordance with state or federal statute or regulation;

(2) Probationary eligibility for future state or federal support, conditional on compliance with specified conditions;

(3) Proceeding in a court of competent jurisdiction for an appropriate order compelling compliance.

(b) No decision to curtail state or federal funding to a local agency under this chapter shall be made until the Department has determined that compliance cannot be secured by other means.

(c) If the Department determines that a Child Development Contractor's Agreement shall be terminated, the procedures set forth in sections 8257(b) or 8400 through 8409 of the Education Code and the regulations promulgated pursuant thereto (chapter 19 of title 5, CCR, commencing with section 18118), shall be followed.

Gang-related Activities

Gang-related Activity

LAWS

EDC 32261.

(a) The Legislature hereby recognizes that all pupils enrolled in the state public schools have the inalienable right to attend classes on school campuses that are safe, secure, and peaceful. The Legislature also recognizes that pupils cannot fully benefit from an educational program unless they attend school on a regular basis. In addition, the Legislature further recognizes that school crime, vandalism, truancy, and excessive absenteeism are significant problems on far too many school campuses in the state.

(b) The Legislature hereby finds and declares that the establishment of an interagency coordination system is the most efficient and long-lasting means of resolving school and community problems of truancy and crime, including vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership, gang violence, and hate crimes.

(c) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter to support California public schools as they develop their mandated comprehensive safety plans that are the result of a systematic planning process, that include strategies aimed at the prevention of, and education about, potential incidents involving crime and violence on school campuses, and that address the safety concerns of local law enforcement agencies, community leaders, parents, pupils, teachers, administrators, school police, and other school employees interested in the prevention of school crime and violence.

(d) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter to encourage school districts, county offices of education, law enforcement agencies, and agencies serving youth to develop and implement interagency strategies, in-service training programs, and activities that will improve school attendance and reduce school crime and violence, including vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership, gang violence, hate crimes, bullying, including bullying committed personally or by means of an electronic act, teen relationship violence, and discrimination and harassment, including, but not limited to, sexual harassment.

(e) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter that the School/Law Enforcement Partnership shall not duplicate any existing gang or drug and alcohol abuse program currently provided for schools.

(f) As used in this chapter, "bullying" has the same meaning as set forth in subdivision (r) of Section 48900.

(g) As used in this chapter, "electronic act" has the same meaning as set forth in subdivision (r) of Section 48900.

EDC 32270.

(a) The partnership shall establish a statewide school safety cadre for the purpose of facilitating interagency coordination and collaboration among school districts, county offices of education, agencies serving youth, allied agencies, community-based organizations, and law enforcement agencies to improve school attendance, encourage good citizenship, and to reduce school violence, school crime, including hate crimes, vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership and gang violence, truancy rates, bullying, including acts that are committed personally or by means of an electronic act, teen relationship violence, and discrimination and harassment, including, but not limited to, sexual harassment.

(b) The partnership may appoint up to 100 professionals from educational agencies, community-based organizations, allied agencies, and law enforcement to the statewide cadre.

(c) The partnership shall provide training to the statewide cadre representatives to enable them to initiate and maintain school community safety programs among school districts, county offices of education, agencies serving youth, allied agencies, community-based organizations, and law enforcement agencies in each region.

EDC 32282.

(a) The comprehensive school safety plan shall include, but not be limited to, both of the following: [...]

(F) The provisions of any schoolwide dress code, pursuant to Section 35183, that prohibits pupils from wearing "gang-related apparel," if the school has adopted that type of a dress code. For those purposes, the comprehensive school safety plan shall define "gang-related apparel." The definition shall be limited to apparel that, if worn or displayed on a school campus, reasonably could be determined to threaten the health and safety of the school environment. A schoolwide dress code established pursuant to this section and Section 35183 shall be enforced on the school campus and at any school- sponsored activity by the principal of the school or the person designated by the principal. For purposes of this paragraph, "gang-related apparel" shall not be considered a protected form of speech pursuant to Section 48950.

EDC 35183.

(a) The Legislature finds and declares each of the following:

(1) The children of this state have the right to an effective public school education. Both students and staff of the primary, elementary, junior and senior high school campuses have the constitutional right to be safe and secure in their persons at school. However, children in many of our public schools are forced to focus on the threat of violence and the messages of violence contained in many aspects of our society, particularly reflected in gang regalia that disrupts the learning environment.

(2) "Gang-related apparel" is hazardous to the health and safety of the school environment.

(3) Instructing teachers and administrators on the subtleties of identifying constantly changing gang regalia and gang affiliation takes an increasing amount of time away from educating our children.

(4) Weapons, including firearms and knives, have become common place upon even our elementary school campuses. Students often conceal weapons by wearing clothing, such as jumpsuits and overcoats, and by carrying large bags.

(5) The adoption of a schoolwide uniform policy is a reasonable way to provide some protection for students. A required uniform may protect students from being associated with any particular gang. Moreover, by requiring schoolwide uniforms teachers and administrators may not need to occupy as much of their time learning the subtleties of gang regalia.

(6) To control the environment in public schools to facilitate and maintain an effective learning environment and to keep the focus of the classroom on learning and not personal safety, schools need the authorization to implement uniform clothing requirements for our public school children.

(7) Many educators believe that school dress significantly influences pupil behavior. This influence is evident on school dressup days and color days. Schools that have adopted school uniforms experience a "coming together feeling," greater school pride, and better behavior in and out of the classroom.

(b) The governing board of any school district may adopt or rescind a reasonable dress code policy that requires pupils to wear a schoolwide uniform or prohibits pupils from wearing "gang-related apparel" if the governing board of the school district approves a plan that may be initiated by an individual school's principal, staff, and parents and determines that the policy is necessary for the health and safety of the school environment. Individual schools may include the reasonable dress code policy as part of its school safety plan, pursuant to Section 32281.

(c) Adoption and enforcement of a reasonable dress code policy pursuant to subdivision (b) is not a violation of Section 48950. For purposes of this section, Section 48950 shall apply to elementary, high school, and unified school districts. If a schoolwide uniform is required, the specific uniform selected shall be determined by the principal, staff, and parents of the individual school.

(d) A dress code policy that requires pupils to wear a schoolwide uniform shall not be implemented with less than six months' notice to parents and the availability of resources to assist economically disadvantaged pupils.

(e) The governing board shall provide a method whereby parents may choose not to have their children comply with an adopted school uniform policy.

(f) If a governing board chooses to adopt a policy pursuant to this section, the policy shall include a provision that no pupil shall be penalized academically or otherwise discriminated against nor denied attendance to school if the pupil's parents chose not to have the pupil comply with the school uniform policy. The governing board shall continue to have responsibility for the appropriate education of those pupils.

(g) A policy adopted pursuant to this section shall not preclude pupils that participate in a nationally recognized youth organization from wearing organization uniforms on days that the organization has a scheduled meeting.

EDC 51264.

(a) The State Department of Education shall prepare and distribute to school districts and county offices of education guidelines for incorporating in-service training in gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention for teachers, counselors, athletic directors, school board members, and other educational personnel into the staff development plans of all school districts and county offices of education.

(b) The department shall, upon request, assist school districts and county offices of education in developing comprehensive gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention in-service training programs. The department's information and guidelines, to the maximum extent possible, shall encourage school districts and county offices of education to avoid duplication of effort by sharing resources, adapting or adopting model in-service training programs, developing joint and collaborative programs, and coordinating efforts with existing state staff development programs, county gang violence and drug and alcohol staff development programs, county health departments, county and city law enforcement agencies, and other public and private agencies providing health, drug, alcohol, gang violence prevention, or other related services at the local level.

(c) The department shall assist school districts and county offices of education in qualifying for the receipt of federal and state funds to support their gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention in- service training programs.

(d) Each school that chooses to utilize the provisions of this article related to in-service training in gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention, is encouraged to develop a single plan to strengthen its gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention efforts. If a school develops or has developed a school improvement plan pursuant to Article 2 (commencing with Section 52010) of Chapter 6 of Part 28, or a school safety plan pursuant to Article 5 (commencing with Section 32280) of Chapter 2.5 of Part 19, it is encouraged to incorporate into that plan, where appropriate, the gang violence and drug and alcohol prevention plan that it has developed.

(e) The department shall consult with the Office of Emergency Services regarding gang violence.

EDC 51265.

It is the intent of the Legislature that school districts and county offices of education give high priority to gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention in-service training programs, which shall be part of the overall strategy for comprehensive gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention education.

"Gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention in-service training" for purposes of this article means the presentation of programs, instruction and curricula that will help educators develop competencies in interacting in a positive manner with children and youth to assist them in developing the positive values, self-esteem, knowledge, and skills to lead productive, gang-free and drug-free lives; develop knowledge of the causes of gang violence and substance abuse, and the properties and effects of tobacco, alcohol, narcotics, and dangerous drugs, including the risk of contracting acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) associated with intravenous drug use; receive training regarding available information and resources concerning gang violence and drug and alcohol abuse prevention as well as antigang and antisubstance abuse crime trends; develop familiarity with teaching social skills and resistance skills to children and youth; and develop skills in conducting effective education, which includes methods and techniques for helping children and youth to freely express ideas and opinions in a responsible manner and to understand the nature and consequences of their decisions as they relate to gang involvement and drug and alcohol abuse.

EDC 51266.

(a) The Office of Emergency Services, in collaboration with the State Department of Education, shall develop a model gang violence suppression and substance abuse prevention curriculum for grades 2, 4, and 6. The curriculum for grades 2, 4, and 6 shall be modeled after a similar curriculum that has been developed by the Orange County Office of Education for grades 3, 5, and 7. The Office of Emergency Services, in collaboration with the State Department of Education, may contract with a county office of education for the development of the model curriculum. The model curriculum shall be made available to school districts and county offices of education and shall, at a minimum, provide for each of the following:

(1) Lessons for grades 2, 4, and 6 that are aligned with the state curriculum frameworks for history, social science, and English and language arts.

(2) Instructional resources that address issues of ethnic diversity and at-promise pupils.

(3) The integration of the instructional resources of the Office of Emergency Services and the School/Law Enforcement Partnership in order to support the school curriculum and assist in the alignment of the state curriculum framework.

(b) The Office of Emergency Services shall develop an independent evaluation of the pupil outcomes of the model gang violence suppression and substance abuse prevention curriculum program.

PEN 13825.4.

(a) Community-based organizations and nonprofit agencies that receive funds under this chapter shall utilize the funds to provide services and activities designed to prevent or deter at-promise youth from participating in gangs, criminal activity, or violent behavior.

(b) These prevention and intervention efforts shall include, but not be limited to, any of the following: (1) Services and activities designed to do any of the following:

(A) Teach alternative methods for resolving conflicts and responding to violence, drugs, and crime. (B) Develop positive and life-affirming attitudes and behaviors.
(C) Build self-esteem.

(2) Recreational, educational, or cultural activities. (3) Counseling or mentoring services.
(4) Economic development activities.

(c)(1) Funds allocated under this chapter may not be used for services or activities related to suppression, law enforcement, incarceration, or other purposes not related to the prevention and deterrence of gangs, crime, and violence.

(2) Nothing in this section shall prevent funds allocated under this chapter from being used for violence prevention and gang crime deterrence services provided by community-based organizations and nonprofit agencies to youths incarcerated in juvenile detention facilities.

(d) Services and activities provided with funds under this chapter shall be used for at-promise youth who are defined as persons from age 5 to 20 years of age and who fall into one or more of the following categories:

(1) Live in a high-crime or high-violence neighborhood as identified by local or federal law enforcement agencies.

(2) Live in a low-economic neighborhood as identified by the U.S. Census or come from an impoverished family.

(3) Are excessively absent from school or are doing poorly in school as identified by personnel from the youth's school.

(4) Come from a socially dysfunctional family as identified by local or state social service agencies. (5) Have had one or more contacts with the police.
(6) Have entered the juvenile justice system.
(7) Are identified by the juvenile justice system as being at risk.

(8) Are current or former gang members.
(9) Have one or more family members living at home who are current or former members of a gang. (10) Are identified as wards of the court, as defined in Section 601 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

(e) Except as provided in subdivision (f),in carrying out a program of prevention and intervention services and activities with funds received under this chapter, community-based organizations and nonprofit agencies shall do all of the following:

(1) Collaborate with other local community-based organizations, nonprofit agencies or local agencies providing similar services, local schools, local law enforcement agencies, residents and families of the local community, private businesses in the local community, and charitable or religious organizations, for purposes of developing plans to provide a program of prevention and intervention services and activities with funds provided under this chapter.

PEN 13826.

The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:
(a) That violent activity by gangs is a serious and growing problem in the State of California. (b) There is an increasing percentage of school age pupils involved in gang activity.

(c) There are many schools that serve a disproportionate number of youth involved in gang activity which are unable to effectively implement programs designed to prevent youth from becoming involved in gang activity. There is no statewide funded educational program developed for this purpose.

(d) There is evidence that gang involvement among youth begins at an early age.
(e) There is evidence that the parents of gang members lack appropriate parenting skills. (f) There is evidence that drug activity is increasing among youth involved in gang activity. (g) There is evidence that gang members have no contact with positive role models.
(h) There is evidence that most gang members lack basic educational skills.

In enacting this chapter, the Legislature intends to support increased efforts by district attorneys' offices to prosecute the perpetrators of gang violence, support increased efforts by local law enforcement agencies to identify, investigate, and apprehend perpetrators of gang violence, support increased efforts by county probation departments to intensively supervise gang members who are on court-ordered probation, support gang violence prevention and intervention efforts by school districts and county offices of education, and support gang violence suppression efforts by community-based organizations.

PEN 13826.1.

(a) There is hereby established in the Board of State and Community Corrections, the Gang Violence Suppression Program, a program of financial and technical assistance for district attorneys' offices, local law enforcement agencies, county probation departments, school districts, county offices of education, or any consortium thereof, and community-based organizations which are primarily engaged in the suppression of gang violence.

(b) Funds made available pursuant to this chapter are intended to ensure the highest quality provision of services and to reduce unnecessary duplication. Funds disbursed under this chapter shall not be used by local agencies to supplant other funding for Public Safety Services, as defined in Section 36 of Article XIII of the California Constitution. Funds awarded under this program as local assistance grants shall not be subject to review as specified in Section 10295 of the Public Contract Code.

PEN 13826.65.

School districts, county offices of education, or any consortium thereof, receiving funding under this chapter shall develop or adopt and implement a gang violence prevention curriculum, provide gang violence prevention and intervention services for school-aged children, and shall be encouraged to do all of the following:

(a) Establish a local steering committee comprised of representatives of each local program funded under this chapter, corporations, small businesses, and other appropriate local, county, and community organization knowledgeable in the area of youth gang violence.

(b) Develop and distribute information concerning parent education and parenting classes, including methods whereby parents may recognize youth gang involvement.

(c) Identify and utilize the resources of appropriate community-based organizations involved in the coordination of after school activities for school-aged youth.

(d) Establish contact between positive role models and youth involved in gang activity through adopt-a- youth programs and similar programs.

(e) Incorporate into gang prevention activities references to the relationship between drug abuse and gang violence.

(f) Develop partnerships between schools and businesses for the purpose of enhancing pupil achievement through such methods as tutorial services, field trips, role modeling, and other supportive services.

(g) Develop methods of assuring followup services for children receiving the initial gang violence prevention and intervention services.

Search and Seizure

Search and Seizure

LAWS

EDC 49050.

No school employee shall conduct a search that involves:
(a) Conducting a body cavity search of a pupil manually or with an instrument.

(b) Removing or arranging any or all of the clothing of a pupil to permit a visual inspection of the underclothing, breast, buttocks, or genitalia of the pupil.

Restraint and Seclusion

Restraint and Seclusion

LAWS

EDC 49001.

(a) For the purposes of this section "corporal punishment" means the willful infliction of, or willfully causing the infliction of, physical pain on a pupil. An amount of force that is reasonable and necessary for a person employed by or engaged in a public school to quell a disturbance threatening physical injury to persons or damage to property, for purposes of self-defense, or to obtain possession of weapons or other dangerous objects within the control of the pupil, is not and shall not be construed to be corporal punishment within the meaning and intent of this section. Physical pain or discomfort caused by athletic competition or other such recreational activity, voluntarily engaged in by the pupil, is not and shall not be construed to be corporal punishment within the meaning and intent of this section.

(b) No person employed by or engaged in a public school shall inflict, or cause to be inflicted corporal punishment upon a pupil. Every resolution, bylaw, rule, ordinance, or other act or authority permitting or authorizing the infliction of corporal punishment upon a pupil attending a public school is void and unenforceable.

EDC 49005.

The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:

(a) While it is appropriate to intervene in an emergency to prevent a pupil from imminent risk of serious physical self-harm or harm of others, restraint and seclusion are dangerous interventions, with certain known practices posing a great risk to child health and safety.

(b) United States Department of Education guidelines specify that the use of restraint and seclusion must be consistent with the child's right to be treated with dignity and to be free from abuse.

(c) Restraint and seclusion should only be used as a safety measure of last resort, and should never be used as punishment or discipline or for staff convenience.

(d) Restraint and seclusion may cause serious injury or long lasting trauma and death, even when done safely and correctly.

(e) There is no evidence that restraint or seclusion is effective in reducing the problem behaviors that frequently precipitate the use of those techniques.

(f) Pupils with disabilities and pupils of color, especially African American boys, are disproportionately subject to restraint and seclusion.

(g) Well-established California law already regulates restraint techniques in a number of settings, including general acute care hospitals, acute psychiatric hospitals, psychiatric health facilities, crisis stabilization units, community treatment facilities, group homes, skilled nursing facilities, intermediate care facilities, community care facilities, and mental health rehabilitation centers. These minimal protections should be provided to all pupils in schools.

(h) It is the intent of the Legislature to ensure that schools foster learning in a safe and healthy environment and provide adequate safeguards to prevent harm, and even death, to children in school.

(i) This article is intended to be read to be consistent with, and does not change any requirements, limitations, or protections in, existing law pertaining to pupils with exceptional needs.

(j) It is the intent of the Legislature to prohibit dangerous practices. Restraint and seclusion, as described in this article, do not further a child's education. At the same time, the Legislature recognizes that if an emergency situation arises, the ability of education personnel to act in that emergency to safeguard a pupil or others from imminent physical harm should not be restricted.

EDC 49005.1.

The following definitions apply to this article:

(a) "Behavioral restraint" means "mechanical restraint" or "physical restraint," as defined in this section, used as an intervention when a pupil presents an immediate danger to self or to others. "Behavioral restraint" does not include postural restraints or devices used to improve a pupil's mobility and independent functioning rather than to restrict movement.

(b) "Educational provider" means a person who provides educational or related services, support, or other assistance to a pupil enrolled in an educational program provided by a local educational agency or a nonpublic school or agency.

(c) "Local educational agency" means a school district, county office of education, charter school, the California Schools for the Deaf, and the California School for the Blind.

(d)(1) "Mechanical restraint" means the use of a device or equipment to restrict a pupil's freedom of movement.

(2)(A) "Mechanical restraint" does not include the use of devices by peace officers or security personnel for detention or for public safety purposes.

(B) "Mechanical restraint" does not include the use of devices by trained school personnel, or by a pupil, prescribed by an appropriate medical or related services professional, if the device is used for the specific and approved purpose for which the device or equipment was prescribed, which shall include, but not be limited to, all of the following:

(i) Adaptive devices or mechanical supports used to achieve proper body position, balance, or alignment to allow greater freedom of mobility than would be possible without the use of such devices or mechanical supports.

(ii) Vehicle safety restraints when used as intended during the transport of a pupil in a moving vehicle.

(iii) Restraints for medical immobilization.

(iv) Orthopedically prescribed devices that permit a pupil to participate in activities without risk of harm.

(e) "Nonpublic school or agency" means any nonpublic school or nonpublic agency, including both in- state and out-of-state nonpublic schools and nonpublic agencies.

(f)(1) "Physical restraint" means a personal restriction that immobilizes or reduces the ability of a pupil to move the pupil's torso, arms, legs, or head freely. "Physical restraint" does not include a physical escort, which means a temporary touching or holding of the hand, wrist, arm, shoulder, or back for the purpose of inducing a pupil who is acting out to walk to a safe location.

(2) "Physical restraint" does not include the use of force by peace officers or security personnel for detention or for public safety purposes.

(g) "Prone restraint" means the application of a behavioral restraint on a pupil in a facedown position.

(h) "Pupil" means a pupil enrolled in preschool, kindergarten, or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, and receiving educational services from an educational provider.

(i) "Seclusion" means the involuntary confinement of a pupil alone in a room or area from which the pupil is physically prevented from leaving. "Seclusion" does not include a timeout, which is a behavior management technique that is part of an approved program, that involves the monitored separation of the pupil in a nonlocked setting, and is implemented for the purpose of calming.

EDC 49005.2.

A pupil has the right to be free from the use of seclusion and behavioral restraints of any form imposed as a means of coercion, discipline, convenience, or retaliation by staff. This right includes, but is not limited to, the right to be free from the use of a drug administered to the pupil in order to control the pupil's behavior or to restrict the pupil's freedom of movement, if that drug is not a standard treatment for the pupil's medical or psychiatric condition.

EDC 49005.4.

An educational provider may use seclusion or a behavioral restraint only to control behavior that poses a clear and present danger of serious physical harm to the pupil or others that cannot be immediately prevented by a response that is less restrictive.

EDC 49005.6.

An educational provider shall avoid, whenever possible, the use of seclusion or behavioral restraint techniques.

EDC 49005.8.

(a) An educational provider shall not do any of the following:

(1) Use seclusion or a behavioral restraint for the purpose of coercion, discipline, convenience, or retaliation.

(2) Use locked seclusion, unless it is in a facility otherwise licensed or permitted by state law to use a locked room.

(3) Use a physical restraint technique that obstructs a pupil's respiratory airway or impairs the pupil's breathing or respiratory capacity, including techniques in which a staff member places pressure on a pupil's back or places his or her body weight against the pupil's torso or back.

(4) Use a behavioral restraint technique that restricts breathing, including, but not limited to, using a pillow, blanket, carpet, mat, or other item to cover a pupil's face.

(5) Place a pupil in a facedown position with the pupil's hands held or restrained behind the pupil's back.

(6) Use a behavioral restraint for longer than is necessary to contain the behavior that poses a clear and present danger of serious physical harm to the pupil or others.

(b) An educational provider shall keep constant, direct observation of a pupil who is in seclusion, which may be through observation of the pupil through a window, or another barrier, through which the educational provider is able to make direct eye contact with the pupil. The observation required pursuant to this subdivision shall not be through indirect means, including through a security camera or a closed- circuit television.

(c) An educational provider shall afford to pupils who are restrained the least restrictive alternative and the maximum freedom of movement, and shall use the least number of restraint points, while ensuring the physical safety of the pupil and others.

(d) If prone restraint techniques are used, a staff member shall observe the pupil for any signs of physical distress throughout the use of prone restraint. Whenever possible, the staff member monitoring the pupil shall not be involved in restraining the pupil.

EDC 49006.

(a) A local educational agency that meets the definition of a "local educational agency" specified in Section 300.28 of Title 34 of the Code of Federal Regulations shall collect and, no later than three months after the end of a school year, report to the department annually on the use of behavioral restraints and seclusion for pupils enrolled in or served by the local educational agency for all or part of the prior school year.

(b) The report required pursuant to subdivision (a) shall include all of the following information, disaggregated by race or ethnicity, and gender:

(1) The number of pupils subjected to mechanical restraint, with separate counts for pupils with a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794), pupils with an individualized education program, and pupils who do not have a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794) or an individualized education program.

(2) The number of pupils subjected to physical restraint, with separate counts for pupils with a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794), pupils with an individualized education program, and pupils who do not have a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794) or an individualized education program.

(3) The number of pupils subjected to seclusion, with separate counts for pupils with a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794), pupils with an individualized education program, and pupils who do not have a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794) or an individualized education program.

(4) The number of times mechanical restraint was used on pupils, with separate counts for the number of times mechanical restraint was used on pupils with a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794), pupils with an individualized education program, and pupils who do not have a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794) or an individualized education program.

(5) The number of times physical restraint was used on pupils, with separate counts for the number of times physical restraint was used on pupils with a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794), pupils with an individualized education program, and pupils who do not have a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794) or an individualized education program.

(6) The number of times seclusion was used on pupils, with separate counts for the number of times seclusion was used on pupils with a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794), pupils with an individualized education program, and pupils who do not have a plan pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794) or an individualized education program.

(c) Notwithstanding any other law, the data collected and reported pursuant to this section shall be available as a public record pursuant to Chapter 3.5 (commencing with Section 6250) of Division 7 of Title 1 of the Government Code.

(d) No later than three months after the report is due to the department pursuant to subdivision (a), the department shall post the data from the report annually on its Internet Web site.

EDC 49006.2.

Notwithstanding Section 49006, the data collection and reporting requirements contained in this article shall be conducted in compliance with the requirements of the Civil Rights Data Collection of the United States Department of Education's Office for Civil Rights imposed pursuant to Sections 100.6(b) and 104.61 of Title 34 of the Code of Federal Regulations, and shall not be construed to impose a new program or higher level of service on local educational agencies or nonpublic schools or agencies.

EDC 49006.4.

(a) This article applies with regard to all pupils, including individuals with exceptional needs. For an individual with exceptional needs, if a behavioral restraint or seclusion is used, the procedures for followup contained in subdivisions (e), (f), (g), and (h) of Section 56521.1 also apply.

(b) For purposes of this section, "individual with exceptional needs" has the same meaning specified in Section 56026.

EDC 56520.

(a) The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:

(1) That the state has continually sought to provide an appropriate and meaningful educational program in a safe and healthy environment for all children regardless of possible physical, mental, or emotionally disabling conditions.

(2) That some schoolage individuals with exceptional needs have significant behavioral challenges that have an adverse impact on their learning or the learning of other pupils, or both.

(3) Section 1400(c)(5)(F) of Title 20 of the United States Code states that research and experience demonstrate that the education of children with disabilities can be made more effective by providing incentives for positive behavioral interventions and supports to address the learning and behavioral needs of those children.

(4) That procedures for the elimination of maladaptive behaviors shall not include those deemed unacceptable under Section 49001 or those that cause pain or trauma.

(b) It is the intent of the Legislature:

(1) That children exhibiting serious behavioral challenges receive timely and appropriate assessments and positive supports and interventions in accordance with the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.) and its implementing regulations.

(2) That assessments and positive behavioral interventions and supports be developed and implemented in a manner informed by guidance from the United States Department of Education and technical assistance centers sponsored by the Office of Special Education Programs of the United States Department of Education.

(3) That when behavioral interventions, supports, and other strategies are used, they be used in consideration of the pupil's physical freedom and social interaction, be administered in a manner that respects human dignity and personal privacy, and that ensure a pupil's right to placement in the least restrictive educational environment.

(4) That behavioral intervention plans be developed and used, to the extent possible, in a consistent manner when the pupil is also the responsibility of another agency for residential care or related services.

(5) That training programs be developed and implemented in institutions of higher education that train teachers and that in-service training programs be made available as necessary in school districts and county offices of education to ensure that adequately trained staff are available to work effectively with the behavioral intervention needs of individuals with exceptional needs.

EDC 56521.

(a) This chapter applies to any individual with exceptional needs who is in a public school program, including a state school for the disabled pursuant to Part 32 (commencing with Section 59000), or who is placed in a nonpublic school program pursuant to Sections 56365 to 56366.5, inclusive.

(b) The Superintendent of Public Instruction shall monitor and supervise the implementation of this chapter.

EDC 56521.1.

(a) Emergency interventions may only be used to control unpredictable, spontaneous behavior that poses clear and present danger of serious physical harm to the individual with exceptional needs, or others, and that cannot be immediately prevented by a response less restrictive than the temporary application of a technique used to contain the behavior.

(b) Emergency interventions shall not be used as a substitute for the systematic behavioral intervention plan that is designed to change, replace, modify, or eliminate a targeted behavior.

(c) No emergency intervention shall be employed for longer than is necessary to contain the behavior. A situation that requires prolonged use of an emergency intervention shall require the staff to seek assistance of the schoolsite administrator or law enforcement agency, as applicable to the situation.

(d) Emergency interventions shall not include:

(1) Locked seclusion, unless it is in a facility otherwise licensed or permitted by state law to use a locked room.

(2) Employment of a device, material, or objects that simultaneously immobilize all four extremities, except that techniques such as prone containment may be used as an emergency intervention by staff trained in those procedures.

(3) An amount of force that exceeds that which is reasonable and necessary under the circumstances.

(e) To prevent emergency interventions from being used in lieu of planned, systematic behavioral interventions, the parent, guardian, and residential care provider, if appropriate, shall be notified within one schoolday if an emergency intervention is used or serious property damage occurs. A behavioral emergency report shall immediately be completed and maintained in the file of the individual with exceptional needs. The behavioral emergency report shall include all of the following:

(1) The name and age of the individual with exceptional needs.

(2) The setting and location of the incident.

(3) The name of the staff or other persons involved.

(4) A description of the incident and the emergency intervention used, and whether the individual with exceptional needs is currently engaged in any systematic behavioral intervention plan.

(5) Details of any injuries sustained by the individual with exceptional needs, or others, including staff, as a result of the incident.

(f) All behavioral emergency reports shall immediately be forwarded to, and reviewed by, a designated responsible administrator.

(g) If a behavioral emergency report is written regarding an individual with exceptional needs who does not have a behavioral intervention plan, the designated responsible administrator shall, within two days, schedule an individualized education program (IEP) team meeting to review the emergency report, to determine the necessity for a functional behavioral assessment, and to determine the necessity for an interim plan. The IEP team shall document the reasons for not conducting the functional behavioral assessment, not developing an interim plan, or both.

(h) If a behavioral emergency report is written regarding an individual with exceptional needs who has a positive behavioral intervention plan, an incident involving a previously unseen serious behavior problem, or where a previously designed intervention is ineffective, shall be referred to the IEP team to review and determine if the incident constitutes a need to modify the positive behavioral intervention plan.

EDC 56521.2.

(a) A local educational agency or nonpublic, nonsectarian school or agency serving individuals with exceptional needs pursuant to Sections 56365 and 56366, shall not authorize, order, consent to, or pay for the following interventions, or any other interventions similar to or like the following:

(1) Any intervention that is designed to, or likely to, cause physical pain, including, but not limited to, electric shock.

(2) An intervention that involves the release of noxious, toxic, or otherwise unpleasant sprays, mists, or substances in proximity to the face of the individual.

(3) An intervention that denies adequate sleep, food, water, shelter, bedding, physical comfort, or access to bathroom facilities.

(4) An intervention that is designed to subject, used to subject, or likely to subject, the individual to verbal abuse, ridicule, or humiliation, or that can be expected to cause excessive emotional trauma.

California Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations Page 267

(5) Restrictive interventions that employ a device, material, or objects that simultaneously immobilize all four extremities, including the procedure known as prone containment, except that prone containment or similar techniques may be used by trained personnel as a limited emergency intervention.

(6) Locked seclusion, unless it is in a facility otherwise licensed or permitted by state law to use a locked room.

(7) An intervention that precludes adequate supervision of the individual.

(8) An intervention that deprives the individual of one or more of his or her senses.

(b) In the case of a child whose behavior impedes the child's learning or that of others, the individualized education program team shall consider the use of positive behavioral interventions and supports, and other strategies, to address that behavior, consistent with Section 1414(d)(3)(B)(i) and (d)(4) of Title 20 of the United States Code and associated federal regulations.

EDC 56523.

(a) The Superintendent shall repeal those regulations governing the use of behavioral interventions with individuals with exceptional needs receiving special education and related services that are no longer supported by statute, including Section 3052 and subdivisions (d), (e), (f), (g), and (ab) of Section 3001 of Title 5 of the California Code of Regulations, as those provisions existed on January 10, 2013.

(b) This chapter is necessary to implement the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.) and associated federal regulations. This chapter is intended to provide the clarity, definition, and specificity necessary for local educational agencies to comply with the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.)and shall be implemented by local educational agencies without the development by the Superintendent and adoption by the state board of any additional regulations.

(c) Pursuant to Section 1401(9) of Title 20 of the United States Code, special education and related services must meet the standards of the department.

(d) As a condition of receiving funding from the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.), a local educational agency shall agree to adhere to this chapter and implementing federal regulations set forth in this chapter.

(e) The Superintendent may monitor local educational agency compliance with this chapter and may take appropriate action, including fiscal repercussions, if either of the following is found:

(1) The local educational agency failed to comply with this chapter and failed to comply substantially with corrective action orders issued by the department resulting from monitoring findings or complaint investigations.

(2) The local educational agency failed to implement the decision of a due process hearing officer based on noncompliance with this part, provisions of the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.), or the federal implementing regulations, wherein noncompliance resulted in the denial of, or impeded the delivery of, a free appropriate public education for an individual with exceptional needs.

(f) Commencing with the 2010-11 fiscal year, if any activities authorized pursuant to this chapter and implementing regulations are found be a state reimbursable mandate pursuant to Section 6 of Article XIII B of the California Constitution, state funding provided for purposes of special education pursuant to Item 6110-161-0001 of Section 2.00 of the annual Budget Act shall first be used to directly offset any mandated costs.

(g) The Legislature hereby requests the Department of Finance on or before December 31, 2013, to exercise its authority pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 17557 of the Government Code to file a request with the Commission on State Mandates for the purpose of amending the parameters and guidelines of CSM-4464 to delete any reimbursable activities that have been repealed by statute or executive order and to update offsetting revenues that apply to the mandated program.

EDC 56524.

The superintendent shall explore with representatives of institutions of higher education and the Commission on Teacher Credentialing, the current training requirements for teachers to ensure that sufficient training is available in appropriate behavioral interventions for people entering the field of education.

Dating/Relationship Violence

Dating and Relationship Violence

LAWS

EDC 32261.

(d) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter to encourage school districts, county offices of education, law enforcement agencies, and agencies serving youth to develop and implement interagency strategies, in-service training programs, and activities that will improve school attendance and reduce school crime and violence, including vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership, gang violence, hate crimes, bullying, including bullying committed personally or by means of an electronic act, teen relationship violence, and discrimination and harassment, including, but not limited to, sexual harassment.

EDC 32270.

(a) The partnership shall establish a statewide school safety cadre for the purpose of facilitating interagency coordination and collaboration among school districts, county offices of education, agencies serving youth, allied agencies, community-based organizations, and law enforcement agencies to improve school attendance, encourage good citizenship, and to reduce school violence, school crime, including hate crimes, vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership and gang violence, truancy rates, bullying, including acts that are committed personally or by means of an electronic act, teen relationship violence, and discrimination and harassment, including, but not limited to, sexual harassment.

EDC 33544.

(a) When the "Health Framework for California Public Schools" (health framework) is next revised after January 1, 2016, the commission shall consider including comprehensive information for grades 9 to 12, inclusive, on sexual harassment and violence that includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:

(2) Discussion of the affirmative consent standard, as defined in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) of Section 67386, and skills pupils use to establish boundaries in peer and dating relationships.

EDC 33545.

When the "Health Framework for California Public Schools" (health framework) is next revised after January 1, 2015, the commission shall consider including a distinct category on sexual abuse and sex trafficking prevention education that includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:

(b) Discussion of healthy boundaries for relationships; how to recognize potentially harmful and abusive relationships; and refusal skills to overcome peer pressure and to avoid high-risk activities.

EDC 33546.

(a) When the "Health Framework for California Public Schools" (health framework) is next revised after January 1, 2017, the commission shall consider including comprehensive information for kindergarten and grades 1 to 8, inclusive, on the development of healthy relationships, which shall be age and developmentally appropriate and consistent with the health education standards adopted by the state board.

(b) If the commission includes comprehensive information on the development of healthy relationships in the health framework, the commission shall comply with both of the following:

(1) Ensure information included in the health framework is research-based and appropriate for pupils of all races, genders, sexual orientations, gender identities, and ethnic and cultural backgrounds. This may include, but shall not be limited to, reviewing other states' curricula.

(2) Consult with teachers and educators with expertise in curriculum for developing healthy relationships.

(c) For purposes of this section, the "development of healthy relationships" includes, but is not limited to, all of the following:

(1) Understanding the principles of treating one another with respect, dignity, and kindness.

(2) Demonstrating the ability to use interpersonal communication skills to address and resolve disagreement and conflict.

(3) Recognizing when and how to respond to dangerous or other situations that may result in the bullying, harassment, harming, or hurting of another person.

EDC 51220.5.

(c) Commencing with the 1995-96 fiscal year, the adopted course of study for grade 7 or 8 shall include the equivalent content of a one-semester course in parenting skills and education. All pupils entering grade 7 on or after July 1, 1995, shall be offered that course or its equivalent content during grade 7 or 8, or both. On or before January 1, 1995, the State Department of Education shall supply, to each school district that includes a grade 7 or 8, a sample curriculum suitable either for implementation as a stand- alone one-semester course or for incorporation within identified existing required or optional courses, with content designed to develop a knowledge of topics including, but not limited to, all of the following:

(6) Maintaining healthy relationships.

EDC 51934.

(a) Each school district shall ensure that all pupils in grades 7 to 12, inclusive, receive comprehensive sexual health education and HIV prevention education from instructors trained in the appropriate courses. Each pupil shall receive this instruction at least once in junior high or middle school and at least once in high school. This instruction shall include all of the following:

(11) Information about adolescent relationship abuse and intimate partner violence, including the early warning signs thereof.

Appropriate Grounds for Suspension/Expulsion

Grounds for Suspension or Expulsion

LAWS

EDC 48900.

A pupil shall not be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion, unless the superintendent of the school district or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has committed an act as defined pursuant to any of subdivisions (a) to (r), inclusive:

(a)(1) Caused, attempted to cause, or threatened to cause physical injury to another person. (2) Willfully used force or violence upon the person of another, except in self-defense.

(b) Possessed, sold, or otherwise furnished a firearm, knife, explosive, or other dangerous object, unless, in the case of possession of an object of this type, the pupil had obtained written permission to possess the item from a certificated school employee, which is concurred in by the principal or the designee of the principal.

(c) Unlawfully possessed, used, sold, or otherwise furnished, or been under the influence of, a controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, an alcoholic beverage, or an intoxicant of any kind.

(d) Unlawfully offered, arranged, or negotiated to sell a controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, an alcoholic beverage, or an intoxicant of any kind, and either sold, delivered, or otherwise furnished to a person another liquid, substance, or material and represented the liquid, substance, or material as a controlled substance, alcoholic beverage, or intoxicant.

(e) Committed or attempted to commit robbery or extortion.
(f) Caused or attempted to cause damage to school property or private property. (g) Stole or attempted to steal school property or private property.

(h) Possessed or used tobacco, or products containing tobacco or nicotine products, including, but not limited to, cigarettes, cigars, miniature cigars, clove cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, snuff, chew packets, and betel. However, this section does not prohibit the use or possession by a pupil of the pupil's own prescription products.

(i) Committed an obscene act or engaged in habitual profanity or vulgarity.

(j) Unlawfully possessed or unlawfully offered, arranged, or negotiated to sell drug paraphernalia, as defined in Section 11014.5 of the Health and Safety Code.

(k)(1) Disrupted school activities or otherwise willfully defied the valid authority of supervisors, teachers, administrators, school officials, or other school personnel engaged in the performance of their duties.

(2) Except as provided in Section 48910, a pupil enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 3, inclusive, shall not be suspended for any of the acts enumerated in paragraph (1), and those acts shall not constitute grounds for a pupil enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, to be recommended for expulsion. This paragraph is inoperative on July 1, 2020.

(3) Except as provided in Section 48910, commencing July 1, 2020, a pupil enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 5, inclusive, shall not be suspended for any of the acts specified in paragraph (1), and those acts shall not constitute grounds for a pupil enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, to be recommended for expulsion.

(4) Except as provided in Section 48910, commencing July 1, 2020, a pupil enrolled in any of grades 6 to 8, inclusive, shall not be suspended for any of the acts specified in paragraph (1). This paragraph is inoperative on July 1, 2025.

(l) Knowingly received stolen school property or private property.

(m) Possessed an imitation firearm. As used in this section, "imitation firearm" means a replica of a firearm that is so substantially similar in physical properties to an existing firearm as to lead a reasonable person to conclude that the replica is a firearm.

(n) Committed or attempted to commit a sexual assault as defined in Section 261, 266c, 286, 287, 288, or 289 of, or former Section 288a of, the Penal Code or committed a sexual battery as defined in Section 243.4 of the Penal Code.

(o) Harassed, threatened, or intimidated a pupil who is a complaining witness or a witness in a school disciplinary proceeding for purposes of either preventing that pupil from being a witness or retaliating against that pupil for being a witness, or both.

(p) Unlawfully offered, arranged to sell, negotiated to sell, or sold the prescription drug Soma.

(q) Engaged in, or attempted to engage in, hazing. For purposes of this subdivision, "hazing" means a method of initiation or preinitiation into a pupil organization or body, whether or not the organization or body is officially recognized by an educational institution, that is likely to cause serious bodily injury or personal degradation or disgrace resulting in physical or mental harm to a former, current, or prospective pupil. For purposes of this subdivision, "hazing" does not include athletic events or school-sanctioned events.

(r) Engaged in an act of bullying. For purposes of this subdivision, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) "Bullying" means any severe or pervasive physical or verbal act or conduct, including communications made in writing or by means of an electronic act, and including one or more acts committed by a pupil or group of pupils as defined in Section 48900.2, 48900.3, or 48900.4, directed toward one or more pupils that has or can be reasonably predicted to have the effect of one or more of the following:

(A) Placing a reasonable pupil or pupils in fear of harm to that pupil's or those pupils' person or property.

(B) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience a substantially detrimental effect on the pupil's physical or mental health.

(C) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience substantial interference with the pupil's academic performance.

(D) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience substantial interference with the pupil's ability to participate in or benefit from the services, activities, or privileges provided by a school.

(2)(A) "Electronic act" means the creation or transmission originated on or off the schoolsite, by means of an electronic device, including, but not limited to, a telephone, wireless telephone, or other wireless communication device, computer, or pager, of a communication, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(i) A message, text, sound, video, or image.
(ii) A post on a social network internet website, including, but not limited to:

(I) Posting to or creating a burn page. "Burn page" means an internet website created for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1).

(II) Creating a credible impersonation of another actual pupil for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1). "Credible impersonation" means to knowingly and without consent impersonate a pupil for the purpose of bullying the pupil and such that another pupil would reasonably believe, or has reasonably believed, that the pupil was or is the pupil who was impersonated.

(III) Creating a false profile for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1). "False profile" means a profile of a fictitious pupil or a profile using the likeness or attributes of an actual pupil other than the pupil who created the false profile.

(iii)(I) An act of cyber sexual bullying.

(II) For purposes of this clause, "cyber sexual bullying" means the dissemination of, or the solicitation or incitement to disseminate, a photograph or other visual recording by a pupil to another pupil or to school personnel by means of an electronic act that has or can be reasonably predicted to have one or more of the effects described in subparagraphs (A) to (D), inclusive, of paragraph (1). A photograph or other visual recording, as described in this subclause, shall include the depiction of a nude, semi-nude, or sexually explicit photograph or other visual recording of a minor where the minor is identifiable from the photograph, visual recording, or other electronic act.

(III) For purposes of this clause, "cyber sexual bullying" does not include a depiction, portrayal, or image that has any serious literary, artistic, educational, political, or scientific value or that involves athletic events or school-sanctioned activities.

(B) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) and subparagraph (A), an electronic act shall not constitute pervasive conduct solely on the basis that it has been transmitted on the internet or is currently posted on the internet.

(3) "Reasonable pupil" means a pupil, including, but not limited to, a pupil with exceptional needs, who exercises average care, skill, and judgment in conduct for a person of that age, or for a person of that age with the pupil's exceptional needs.

(s) A pupil shall not be suspended or expelled for any of the acts enumerated in this section unless the act is related to a school activity or school attendance occurring within a school under the jurisdiction of the superintendent of the school district or principal or occurring within any other school district. A pupil may be suspended or expelled for acts that are enumerated in this section and related to a school activity or school attendance that occur at any time, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(1) While on school grounds.
(2) While going to or coming from school.
(3) During the lunch period whether on or off the campus.
(4) During, or while going to or coming from, a school-sponsored activity.

(t) A pupil who aids or abets, as defined in Section 31 of the Penal Code, the infliction or attempted infliction of physical injury to another person may be subject to suspension, but not expulsion, pursuant to this section, except that a pupil who has been adjudged by a juvenile court to have committed, as an aider and abettor, a crime of physical violence in which the victim suffered great bodily injury or serious bodily injury shall be subject to discipline pursuant to subdivision (a).

(u) As used in this section, "school property" includes, but is not limited to, electronic files and databases.

(v) For a pupil subject to discipline under this section, a superintendent of the school district or principal is encouraged to provide alternatives to suspension or expulsion, using a research-based framework with strategies that improve behavioral and academic outcomes, that are age appropriate and designed to address and correct the pupil's specific misbehavior as specified in Section 48900.5.

(w)(1) It is the intent of the Legislature that alternatives to suspension or expulsion be imposed against a pupil who is truant, tardy, or otherwise absent from school activities.

(2) It is further the intent of the Legislature that the Multi-Tiered System of Supports, which includes restorative justice practices, trauma-informed practices, social and emotional learning, and schoolwide positive behavior interventions and support, may be used to help pupils gain critical social and emotional skills, receive support to help transform trauma-related responses, understand the impact of their actions, and develop meaningful methods for repairing harm to the school community.

EDC 48900.2.

In addition to the reasons specified in Section 48900, a pupil may be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion if the superintendent or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has committed sexual harassment as defined in Section 212.5.

For the purposes of this chapter, the conduct described in Section 212.5 must be considered by a reasonable person of the same gender as the victim to be sufficiently severe or pervasive to have a negative impact upon the individual's academic performance or to create an intimidating, hostile, or offensive educational environment. This section shall not apply to pupils enrolled in kindergarten and grades 1 to 3, inclusive.

EDC 48900.3.

In addition to the reasons set forth in Sections 48900 and 48900.2, a pupil in any of grades 4 to 12, inclusive, may be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion if the superintendent or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has caused, attempted to cause, threatened to cause, or participated in an act of, hate violence, as defined in subdivision (e) of Section 233.

EDC 48900.4.

In addition to the grounds specified in Sections 48900 and 48900.2, a pupil enrolled in any of grades 4 to 12, inclusive, may be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion if the superintendent or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has intentionally engaged in harassment, threats, or intimidation, directed against school district personnel or pupils, that is sufficiently severe or pervasive to have the actual and reasonably expected effect of materially disrupting classwork, creating substantial disorder, and invading the rights of either school personnel or pupils by creating an intimidating or hostile educational environment.

EDC 48900.7.

(a) In addition to the reasons specified in Sections 48900, 48900.2, 48900.3, and 48900.4, a pupil may be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion if the superintendent or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has made terroristic threats against school officials or school property, or both.

(b) For the purposes of this section, "terroristic threat" shall include any statement, whether written or oral, by a person who willfully threatens to commit a crime which will result in death, great bodily injury to another person, or property damage in excess of one thousand dollars ($1,000), with the specific intent that the statement is to be taken as a threat, even if there is no intent of actually carrying it out, which, on its face and under the circumstances in which it is made, is so unequivocal, unconditional, immediate, and specific as to convey to the person threatened, a gravity of purpose and an immediate prospect of execution of the threat, and thereby causes that person reasonably to be in sustained fear for his or her own safety or for his or her immediate family's safety, or for the protection of school district property, or the personal property of the person threatened or his or her immediate family.

EDC 48915.

(a)(1) Except as provided in subdivisions (c) and (e), the principal or the superintendent of schools shall recommend the expulsion of a pupil for any of the following acts committed at school or at a school activity off school grounds, unless the principal or superintendent determines that expulsion should not be recommended under the circumstances or that an alternative means of correction would address the conduct:

(A) Causing serious physical injury to another person, except in self-defense.
(B) Possession of any knife or other dangerous object of no reasonable use to the pupil.

(C) Unlawful possession of any controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, except for either of the following:

(i) The first offense for the possession of not more than one avoirdupois ounce of marijuana, other than concentrated cannabis.

(ii) The possession of over-the-counter medication for use by the pupil for medical purposes or medication prescribed for the pupil by a physician.

(D) Robbery or extortion.

(E) Assault or battery, as defined in Sections 240 and 242 of the Penal Code, upon any school employee.

(2) If the principal or the superintendent of schools makes a determination as described in paragraph (1), he or she is encouraged to do so as quickly as possible to ensure that the pupil does not lose instructional time.

(b) Upon recommendation by the principal or the superintendent of schools, or by a hearing officer or administrative panel appointed pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 48918, the governing board of a school district may order a pupil expelled upon finding that the pupil committed an act listed in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) or in subdivision (a), (b), (c), (d), or (e) of Section 48900. A decision to expel a pupil for any of those acts shall be based on a finding of one or both of the following:

(1) Other means of correction are not feasible or have repeatedly failed to bring about proper conduct.

(2) Due to the nature of the act, the presence of the pupil causes a continuing danger to the physical safety of the pupil or others.

(c) The principal or superintendent of schools shall immediately suspend, pursuant to Section 48911, and shall recommend expulsion of a pupil that he or she determines has committed any of the following acts at school or at a school activity off school grounds:

(1) Possessing, selling, or otherwise furnishing a firearm. This subdivision does not apply to an act of possessing a firearm if the pupil had obtained prior written permission to possess the firearm from a certificated school employee, which is concurred in by the principal or the designee of the principal. This subdivision applies to an act of possessing a firearm only if the possession is verified by an employee of a school district. The act of possessing an imitation firearm, as defined in subdivision (m) of Section 48900, is not an offense for which suspension or expulsion is mandatory pursuant to this subdivision and subdivision (d), but it is an offense for which suspension, or expulsion pursuant to subdivision (e), may be imposed.

(2) Brandishing a knife at another person.

(3) Unlawfully selling a controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code.

(4) Committing or attempting to commit a sexual assault as defined in subdivision (n) of Section 48900 or committing a sexual battery as defined in subdivision (n) of Section 48900.

(5) Possession of an explosive.

(d) The governing board of a school district shall order a pupil expelled upon finding that the pupil committed an act listed in subdivision (c), and shall refer that pupil to a program of study that meets all of the following conditions:

(1) Is appropriately prepared to accommodate pupils who exhibit discipline problems.

(2) Is not provided at a comprehensive middle, junior, or senior high school, or at any elementary school.

(3) Is not housed at the schoolsite attended by the pupil at the time of suspension.

(e) Upon recommendation by the principal or the superintendent of schools, or by a hearing officer or administrative panel appointed pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 48918, the governing board of a school district may order a pupil expelled upon finding that the pupil, at school or at a school activity off of school grounds violated subdivision (f), (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), (l), or (m) of Section 48900, or Section 48900.2, 48900.3, or 48900.4, and either of the following:

(1) That other means of correction are not feasible or have repeatedly failed to bring about proper conduct.

(2) That due to the nature of the violation, the presence of the pupil causes a continuing danger to the physical safety of the pupil or others.

(f) The governing board of a school district shall refer a pupil who has been expelled pursuant to subdivision (b) or (e) to a program of study that meets all of the conditions specified in subdivision (d). Notwithstanding this subdivision, with respect to a pupil expelled pursuant to subdivision (e), if the county superintendent of schools certifies that an alternative program of study is not available at a site away from a comprehensive middle, junior, or senior high school, or an elementary school, and that the only option for placement is at another comprehensive middle, junior, or senior high school, or another elementary school, the pupil may be referred to a program of study that is provided at a comprehensive middle, junior, or senior high school, or at an elementary school.

(g) As used in this section, "knife" means any dirk, dagger, or other weapon with a fixed, sharpened blade fitted primarily for stabbing, a weapon with a blade fitted primarily for stabbing, a weapon with a blade longer than 31⁄2 inches, a folding knife with a blade that locks into place, or a razor with an unguarded blade.

REGULATIONS
§ 305. Pupil responsible for care of property.

A pupil who defaces, damages, or destroys any school property or willfully or negligently injures another pupil or school employee is liable to suspension or expulsion, according to the nature of the offense.

Truancy

Chronic Absenteeism and Truancy

LAWS

EDC 32261.

(a) The Legislature hereby recognizes that all pupils enrolled in the state public schools have the inalienable right to attend classes on school campuses that are safe, secure, and peaceful. The Legislature also recognizes that pupils cannot fully benefit from an educational program unless they attend school on a regular basis. In addition, the Legislature further recognizes that school crime, vandalism, truancy, and excessive absenteeism are significant problems on far too many school campuses in the state.

(b) The Legislature hereby finds and declares that the establishment of an interagency coordination system is the most efficient and long-lasting means of resolving school and community problems of truancy and crime, including vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership, gang violence, and hate crimes.

EDC 33432.

(a) A local educational agency that receives a grant shall use the grant funds for planning, implementation, and evaluation of activities in support of evidence-based, nonpunitive programs and practices to keep the state's most vulnerable pupils in school. These activities shall complement or enhance the actions and services identified to meet the local educational agency's goals as identified in its local control and accountability plan pursuant to Section 47606.5, 52060, or 52066, as applicable. These activities may include, but are not limited to, all of the following:

(2) Implementing activities or programs to improve attendance and reduce chronic absenteeism, including, but not limited to, early warning systems or early intervention programs. [...]

(6) Adding or increasing staff within a local educational agency whose primary purpose is to address ongoing chronic attendance problems, including, but not necessarily limited to, conducting outreach to families and children currently, or at risk of becoming, chronically truant.

EDC 44046.

(a) The governing board of a small school district, which does not employ persons charged with school- community duties of counseling students and parents or guardians in their homes, may contract with any qualified social service agency or organization to secure the services, on a part-time or full-time basis, of qualified social workers as counselors in schools and in the homes of pupils. The State Board of Education shall adopt rules and regulations for the implementation of this section, but such social workers shall not be required to hold credentials or certification documents otherwise required under this code for service in the public schools.

(b) Social workers authorized to serve under this section, as well as credentialed school social workers in districts other than small school districts, may perform, but are not limited to, the performance of the following service to children, parents, school personnel, and community agencies:

(3) Consultation with parents and others in crisis situations, such as truancy, drug abuse, suicide threats, assaults, and child abuse.

EDC 48240.

(a) The governing board of each school district and each county superintendent of schools shall appoint a supervisor of attendance and any assistant supervisors of attendance as may be necessary to supervise the attendance of pupils in the school district or county. The governing board of the school district or county superintendent of schools shall prescribe the duties of the supervisor of attendance and assistant supervisors of attendance to include, among other duties that may be required, those specific duties related to compulsory full-time education, truancy, work permits, compulsory continuation education, and opportunity schools, classes, and programs, now required of the attendance supervisors by this chapter and Article 4 (commencing with Section 48450) of Chapter 3 and Article 2 (commencing with Section 48640) of Chapter 4.

(b) It is the intent of the Legislature that in performing his or her duties, the supervisor of attendance promote a culture of attendance and establish a system to accurately track pupil attendance in order to achieve all of the following:

(1) Raise the awareness of school personnel, parents, guardians, caregivers, community partners, and local businesses of the effects of chronic absenteeism and truancy and other challenges associated with poor attendance.

(2) Identify and respond to grade level or pupil subgroup patterns of chronic absenteeism or truancy.

(3) Identify and address factors contributing to chronic absenteeism and habitual truancy, including suspension and expulsion.

(4) Ensure that pupils with attendance problems are identified as early as possible to provide applicable support services and interventions.

(5) Evaluate the effectiveness of strategies implemented to reduce chronic absenteeism rates and truancy rates. [...]

(d) The supervisor of attendance may provide support services and interventions, which may include, but are not limited to, any or all of the following:

(10) Referral to a truancy mediation program operated by the county's district attorney or probation officer pursuant to Section 48260.6.

EDC 48260.

(a) A pupil subject to compulsory full-time education or to compulsory continuation education who is absent from school without a valid excuse three full days in one school year or tardy or absent for more than a 30-minute period during the schoolday without a valid excuse on three occasions in one school year, or any combination thereof, shall be classified as a truant and shall be reported to the attendance supervisor or to the superintendent of the school district.

(b) Notwithstanding subdivision (a), it is the intent of the Legislature that school districts shall not change the method of attendance accounting provided for in existing law and shall not be required to employ period-by-period attendance accounting.

(c) For purposes of this article, a valid excuse includes, but is not limited to, the reasons for which a pupil shall be excused from school pursuant to Sections 48205 and 48225.5 and may include other reasons that are within the discretion of school administrators and, based on the facts of the pupil's circumstances, are deemed to constitute a valid excuse.

EDC 48260.5.

Upon a pupil's initial classification as a truant, the school district shall notify the pupil's parent or guardian using the most cost-effective method possible, which may include electronic mail or a telephone call:

(a) That the pupil is truant.
(b) That the parent or guardian is obligated to compel the attendance of the pupil at school.

(c) That parents or guardians who fail to meet this obligation may be guilty of an infraction and subject to prosecution pursuant to Article 6 (commencing with Section 48290).

(d) That alternative educational programs are available in the school district.

(e) That the parent or guardian has the right to meet with appropriate school personnel to discuss solutions to the pupil's truancy.

(f) That the pupil may be subject to prosecution under Section 48264.

(g) For a pupil under 18 years of age but 13 years of age or older, that the pupil may be subject to suspension, restriction, or delay of the pupil's driving privilege pursuant to Section 13202.7 of the Vehicle Code.

(h) That it is recommended that the parent or guardian accompany the pupil to school and attend classes with the pupil for one day.

EDC 48260.6.

(a) In any county which has not established a county school attendance review board pursuant to Section 48321, the school district may notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, of the county in which the school district is located, by first-class mail or other reasonable means, of the following if the district attorney or the probation officer has elected to participate in the truancy mediation program described in subdivision (d):

(1) The name of each pupil who has been classified as a truant.

(2) The name and address of the parent or guardian of each pupil who has been classified as a truant.

(b) The school district may also notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, as to whether the pupil continues to be classified as a truant after the parents have been notified pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 48260.5.

(c) In any county which has not established a county school attendance review board, the district attorney or the probation officer of the county in which the school district is located may notify the parents or guardians of every truant, by first-class mail or other reasonable means, that they may be subject to prosecution pursuant to Article 6 (commencing with Section 48290) of Chapter 2 of Part 27 for failure to compel the attendance of the pupil at school.

(d) If the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, are notified by a school district that a child continues to be classified as a truant after the parents or guardians have been notified pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 48260.5, the district attorney or the probation officer in any county which has not established a county school attendance review board may request the parents or guardians and the child to attend a meeting in the district attorney's office or at the probation department pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code to discuss the possible legal consequences of the child's truancy. Notice of the meeting shall be given pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

EDC 48261.

Any pupil who has once been reported as a truant and who is again absent from school without valid excuse one or more days, or tardy on one or more days, shall again be reported as a truant to the attendance supervisor or the superintendent of the district.

EDC 48262.

Any pupil is deemed an habitual truant who has been reported as a truant three or more times per school year, provided that no pupil shall be deemed an habitual truant unless an appropriate district officer or employee has made a conscientious effort to hold at least one conference with a parent or guardian of the pupil and the pupil himself, after the filing of either of the reports required by Section 48260 or Section 48261. For purposes of this section, a conscientious effort means attempting to communicate with the parents of the pupil at least once using the most cost-effective method possible, which may include electronic mail or a telephone call.

EDC 48263.

(a) If a minor pupil in a school district of a county is a habitual truant, or is a chronic absentee, as defined in Section 60901, or is habitually insubordinate or disorderly during attendance at school, the pupil may be referred to a school attendance review board, or to the probation department for services if the probation department has elected to receive these referrals. The school district supervisor of attendance, or any other persons the governing board of the school district or county may designate, making the referral shall provide documentation of the interventions undertaken at the school to the pupil, the pupil's parents or guardians, and the school attendance review board or probation department and shall notify the pupil and parents or guardians of the pupil, in writing, of the name and address of the school attendance review board or probation department to which the matter has been referred and of the reason for the referral. The notice shall indicate that the pupil and parents or guardians of the pupil will be required, along with the referring person, to meet with the school attendance review board or probation officer to consider a proper disposition of the referral.

(b)(1) If the school attendance review board or probation officer determines that available community services can resolve the problem of the truant or insubordinate pupil, then the school attendance review board or probation officer shall direct the pupil or the pupil's parents or guardians, or both, to make use of those community services. The school attendance review board or probation officer may require, at any time that it determines proper, the pupil or parents or guardians of the pupil, or both, to furnish satisfactory evidence of participation in the available community services.

(2) If the school attendance review board or probation officer determines that available community services cannot resolve the problem of the truant or insubordinate pupil or if the pupil or the parents or guardians of the pupil, or both, have failed to respond to directives of the school attendance review board or probation officer or to services provided, the school attendance review board may, pursuant to Section 48263.5, notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, of the county in which the school district is located, or the probation officer may, pursuant to Section 48263.5, notify the district attorney, if the district attorney or the probation officer has elected to participate in the truancy mediation program described in that section.

(c) In any county that has not established a school attendance review board, if the school district determines that available community resources cannot resolve the problem of the truant or insubordinate pupil, or if the pupil or the pupil's parents or guardians, or both, have failed to respond to the directives of the school district or the services provided, the school district, pursuant to Section 48260.6, may notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, of the county in which the school district is located, if the district attorney or the probation officer has elected to participate in the truancy mediation program described in Section 48260.6.

EDC 48263.5.

(a) In any county which has established a county school attendance review board pursuant to Section 48321, the school attendance review board may notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, of the county in which the school district is located, or the probation officer may notify the district attorney, by first-class mail or other reasonable means, of the following if the district attorney or the probation officer has elected to participate in the truancy mediation program described in subdivision (b):

(1) The name of each pupil who has been classified as a truant and concerning whom the school attendance review board or the probation officer has determined:

(A) That available community services cannot resolve the truancy or insubordination problem.

(B) That the pupil or the parents or guardians of the pupil, or both, have failed to respond to directives of the school attendance review board or probation officer or to services provided.

(2) The name and address of the parent or guardian of each pupil described in paragraph (1).

(b) Upon receipt of notification provided pursuant to subdivision (a), the district attorney or the probation officer may notify the parents or guardians of each pupil concerning whom notification has been received, by first-class mail or other reasonable means, that they may be subject to prosecution pursuant to Article 6 (commencing with Section 48290) of Chapter 2 of Part 27 for failure to compel the attendance of the pupil at school. The district attorney or the probation officer may also request the parents or guardians and the child to attend a meeting in the district attorney's office or at the probation department pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code to discuss the possible legal consequences of the child's truancy. Notice of the meeting shall be given pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

EDC 48263.6.

Any pupil subject to compulsory full-time education or to compulsory continuation education who is absent from school without a valid excuse for 10 percent or more of the schooldays in one school year, from the date of enrollment to the current date, is deemed a chronic truant, provided that the appropriate school district officer or employee has complied with Sections 48260, 48260.5, 48261, 48262, 48263, and 48291.

EDC 48264.

The attendance supervisor or his or her designee, a peace officer, a school administrator or his or her designee, or a probation officer may arrest or assume temporary custody, during school hours, of any minor subject to compulsory full-time education or to compulsory continuation education found away from his or her home and who is absent from school without valid excuse within the county, city, or city and county, or school district.

EDC 48264.5.

A minor who is classified as a truant pursuant to Section 48260 or 48261 may be required to attend makeup classes conducted on one day of a weekend pursuant to subdivision (c) of Section 37223 and is subject to the following:

(a) The first time a truancy report issued, the pupil and, as appropriate, the parent or legal guardian, may be requested to attend a meeting with a school counselor or other school designee to discuss the root causes of the attendance issue and develop a joint plan to improve the pupil's attendance.

(b) The second time a truancy report issued within the same school year, the pupil may be given a written warning by a peace officer as specified in Section 830.1 of the Penal Code. A record of the written warning may be kept at the school for not less than two years or until the pupil graduates or transfers from that school. If the pupil transfers from that school, the record may be forwarded to the school receiving the pupil's school records. A record of the written warning may be maintained by the law enforcement agency in accordance with that law enforcement agency's policies and procedures. The pupil may also be assigned by the school to an afterschool or weekend study program located within the same county as the pupil's school. If the pupil fails to successfully complete the assigned study program, the pupil shall be subject to subdivision (c).

(c) The third time a truancy report is issued within the same school year, the pupil shall be classified as a habitual truant, as defined in Section 48262, and may be referred to, and required to attend, an attendance review board or a truancy mediation program pursuant to Section 48263 or pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. If the school district does not have a truancy mediation program, the pupil may be required to attend a comparable program deemed acceptable by the school district's attendance supervisor. If the pupil does not successfully complete the truancy mediation program or other similar program, the pupil shall be subject to subdivision (d).

(d) The fourth time a truancy is issued within the same school year, the pupil may be within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court that may adjudge the pupil to be a ward of the court pursuant to Section 601 of the Welfare and Institutions Code. If the pupil is adjudged a ward of the court, the pupil shall be required to do one or more of the following:

(1) Performance at court-approved community services sponsored by either a public or private nonprofit agency for not less than 20 hours but not more than 40 hours over a period not to exceed 90 days, during a time other than the pupil's hours of school attendance or employment. The probation officer shall report to the court the failure of the pupil to comply with this paragraph.

(2) Payment of a fine by the pupil of not more than fifty dollars ($50) for which a parent or legal guardian of the pupil may be jointly liable. The fine described in this paragraph shall not be subject to the assessments of Section 1464 of the Penal Code or any other applicable section.

(3) Attendance of a court-approved truancy prevention program.

(4) Suspension or revocation of driving privileges pursuant to Section 13202.7 of the Vehicle Code. This subdivision shall apply only to a pupil who has attended a school attendance review board program, a program operated by a probation department acting as a school attendance review board, or a truancy mediation program pursuant to subdivision (c).

EDC 48267.

Any pupil who has been found to be a person described in Section 602 and as a condition of probation is required to attend a school program approved by a probation officer, who is reported as a truant from school one or more days or tardy on one or more days without valid excuse, in the same school year or in a succeeding year, shall be brought to the attention of the juvenile court and the pupil's probation or parole officer within 10 days of the reported violation.

Notwithstanding Section 827 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, written notice that a minor enrolled in a public school in any of grades 7 to 12, inclusive, has been found by a court to be a person described in Section 602 and as a condition of probation is required to attend a school program approved by a probation officer shall be provided by the juvenile court, within seven days of the entry of the dispositional order, to the superintendent of the school district of attendance, which information shall be expeditiously transmitted to the principal or to one person designated by the principal of the school that the minor is attending. The principal or the principal's designee shall not disclose this information to any other person except as otherwise required by law.

EDC 48268.

The court may render judgment that the parent, guardian, or person having the control or charge of the pupil shall deliver the pupil at the beginning of each schoolday, for the remainder of the school term, at the school from which the pupil is a truant or to a school designated by school authorities.

EDC 48297.

(a)(1) A state or local agency conducting a truancy-related mediation or prosecuting a pupil or a pupil's parent or legal guardian pursuant to Article 5 (commencing with Section 48260), this article, Section 48454, Section 270.1 or 272 of the Penal Code, or Section 601 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, as applicable, shall provide, using the most cost-effective method possible, including, but not limited to, by email or telephone, the school district, school attendance review board, county superintendent of schools, probation department, or any other agency that referred a truancy-related mediation, criminal complaint, or petition with the outcome of each referral. For purposes of this section, "outcome" means the imposed conditions or terms placed on a pupil or a pupil's parent or legal guardian and the acts or actions taken by a state or local agency with respect to a truancy-related mediation, prosecution, criminal complaint, or petition.

(2) This subdivision applies to, but is not limited to, the referrals referenced in Article 5 (commencing with Section 48260), this article, Section 48454, Sections 270.1 and 272 of the Penal Code, and Sections 601, 601.2, and 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

(b) It is the intent of the Legislature to determine the best evidence-based practices to reduce truancy. This section is not intended to encourage additional referrals, complaints, petitions, or prosecutions, or to encourage more serious sanctions for pupils.

EDC 48320.

(a) In enacting this article it is the intent of the Legislature that intensive guidance and coordinated community services may be provided to meet the special needs of pupils with school attendance problems or school behavior problems.

(b) Any school attendance review board, established pursuant to this article, which determines that available public and private services are insufficient or inappropriate to correct school attendance or school behavior problems of minors may:

(1) Propose and promote the use of alternatives to the juvenile court system.

(2) Provide, in any proposed alternative, for maximum utilization of community and regional resources appropriately employed in behalf of minors prior to any involvement with the judicial system.

(3) Encourage an understanding that any alternative based on the utilization of community resources carries an inherent agency and citizen commitment directed toward the continuing improvement of such resources and the creation of resources where none exist.

EDC 48321.

(a)(1) A county school attendance review board may be established in each county. The county school attendance review board may accept referrals or requests for hearing services from one or more school districts within its jurisdiction pursuant to subdivision (f). A county school attendance review board may be operated through a consortium or partnership of a county with one or more school districts or between two or more counties.

(2) A county school attendance review board, if established, shall include, but need not be limited to, all of the following:

(A) A parent.

(B) A representative of school districts.
(C) A representative of the county probation department.
(D) A representative of the county welfare department.
(E) A representative of the county superintendent of schools.
(F) A representative of law enforcement agencies.
(G) A representative of community-based youth service centers.
(H) A representative of school guidance personnel.
(I) A representative of child welfare and attendance personnel.
(J) A representative of school or county health care personnel.
(K) A representative of school, county, or community mental health personnel.

(L) A representative of the county district attorney's office. If more than one county is represented in a county school attendance review board, a representative from each county's district attorney's office may be included.

(M) A representative of the county public defender's office. If more than one county is represented in a county school attendance review board, a representative from each county's public defender's office may be included.

(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (2), for purposes of conducting hearings, the chairperson of the county school attendance review board is authorized to determine the members needed at a hearing, based on the needs of the pupil, in order to address attendance or behavioral problems.

(4) The school district representatives on the county school attendance review board shall be nominated by the governing boards of school districts and shall be appointed by the county superintendent of schools. All other persons and group representatives shall be appointed by the county board of education.

(5)(A) If a county school attendance review board exists, the county superintendent of schools shall, at the beginning of each school year, convene a meeting of the county school attendance review board for purposes of adopting plans to promote interagency and community cooperation and to reduce the duplication of services provided to youth who have serious school attendance and behavior problems.

(B) Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), for purposes of conducting hearings, a county school attendance review board may meet as needed.

(b)(1) Local school attendance review boards may include, but need not be limited to, all of the following: (A) A parent.

(B) A representative of school districts.
(C) A representative of the county probation department.
(D) A representative of the county welfare department.
(E) A representative of the county superintendent of schools.
(F) A representative of law enforcement agencies.
(G) A representative of community-based youth service centers.
(H) A representative of school guidance personnel.
(I) A representative of child welfare and attendance personnel.
(J) A representative of school or county health care personnel.
(K) A representative of school, county, or community mental health personnel.

(L) A representative of the county district attorney's office. If more than one county is represented in a local school attendance review board, a representative from each county's district attorney's office may be included.

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(M) A representative of the county public defender's office. If more than one county is represented in a county school attendance review board, a representative from each county's public defender's office may be included.

(2) Other persons or group representatives shall be appointed by the county board of education.

(c) A county school attendance review board may elect, pursuant to regulations adopted pursuant to Section 48324, one member as chairperson with responsibility for coordinating services of the county school attendance review board.

(d) A county school attendance review board may provide for the establishment of local school attendance review boards in any number as shall be necessary to carry out the intent of this article.

(e) In any county in which there is no county school attendance review board the governing board of a school district may elect to establish a local school attendance review board, which shall operate in the same manner and have the same authority as a county school attendance review board.

(f) A county school attendance review board may provide guidance to local school attendance review boards.

(g) If the county school attendance review board determines that the needs of pupils, as defined in this article, can best be served by a single board, the county school attendance review board may then serve as the school attendance review board for all pupils in the county, or, upon the request of any school district in the county, the county school attendance review board may serve as the school attendance review board for pupils of that school district.

(h) This article is not intended to prohibit an agreement on the part of counties to provide these services on a regional basis.

EDC 48321.5.

(a) In every case in which a minor pupil has been referred to it under Section 48263, each county or local school attendance review board may, for the purpose of making a proper disposition of the referral, issue subpoenas pursuant to the procedures provided in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1985) of Title 3 of Part 4 of the Code of Civil Procedure and subject to subdivision (f), or may request the juvenile court having jurisdiction to issue subpoenas, requiring the production of pertinent or material written information or the attendance of any of the following persons:

(1) The minor.
(2) The minor's parents, guardians, or other person having control of the minor.
(3) The school authority referring the minor.
(4) Any other person who has pertinent or material information concerning the matter.

(b) The juvenile court may issue subpoenas requiring the attendance of witnesses or the production of pertinent or material written information, subject to Section 1985 of the Code of Civil Procedure.

(c) Enforcement of a subpoena issued by a county or local school attendance review board is within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. The juvenile court does not have jurisdiction to order detention in any secure facility or other confinement for failure to comply with a subpoena issued pursuant to this section.

(d) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize a county or local school attendance review board to issue a subpoena for the production of written materials or the attendance of any person except as specifically provided in subdivision (a) with respect to the limited purpose of making a proper disposition of the referral of a minor pupil made pursuant to Section 48263.

(e) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize a county or local school attendance review board to issue a subpoena or request a subpoena to be issued for the production of written materials or the attendance of any person if it is verified that the minor pupil is enrolled and in regular attendance in a private school maintaining kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, that has filed an affidavit pursuant to Sections 33190 and 48222 of the Education Code.

(f) A county or local school attendance review board shall not issue a subpoena that includes a request for production of written materials, but may request a juvenile court having jurisdiction to issue a subpoena for production of written materials pursuant to subdivision (a).

EDC 48322.

The county school attendance review board may encourage local school attendance review boards to maintain a continuing inventory of community resources, including alternative educational programs, and to make recommendations for the improvement of such resources and programs or for the creation of new resources and programs where none exist.

EDC 48323.

Each of the departments or agencies authorized to participate in school attendance review boards may assign personnel to represent the department or agency on a continuing basis in accordance with the intent of this article. The duties, obligations, or responsibilities which may be imposed on local governmental entities by this act are such that the related costs are incurred as a part of their normal operating procedures. The minor costs of such services may be borne by each agency or department and each or all of the participants may apply for and utilize state or federal funds as may be available.

EDC 48324.

The county school attendance review board may adopt such rules and regulations not inconsistent with law, as are necessary for its own government and to enable it to carry out the provisions of this article. The rules and regulations may be binding upon the local school attendance review boards which are established pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 48321.

EDC 48325.

(a) The Legislature finds and declares that statewide policy coordination and personnel training with respect to county attendance review boards will greatly facilitate the achievement of the goals expressed in Section 48320. It is therefore the intent of the Legislature in enacting this section to do the following:

(1) Encourage the cooperation, coordination, and development of strategies to support county school attendance review boards in carrying out their responsibilities to establish local school attendance review boards as necessary. These strategies may include, but need not be limited to, plans for the training of school attendance review board personnel.

(2) Divert pupils with serious attendance and behavioral problems from the juvenile justice system to agencies more directly related to the state public school system by developing a system for gathering and dispensing information on successful community-based and school-based programs.

(3) Reduce duplication of the services of state and county agencies in serving high-risk youth, including youth with school attendance or behavioral problems.

(4) Reduce the number of dropouts in the state public education system by promoting interagency cooperation among those agencies which have as their goals preventing students from dropping out, and increasing the holding power of the public schools.

(b) The Superintendent of Public Instruction shall coordinate and administer a state school attendance review board, as follows:

(1) On or before January 31 of each year, the superintendent shall extend invitations of participation to representatives of appropriate groups throughout the state, including, but not limited to, representatives of school districts, parent groups, county probation departments, county welfare departments, county superintendents of schools, law enforcement agencies, community-based youth service centers, school guidance personnel, child welfare and attendance personnel, the health care profession and state associations having an interest in youth with school attendance or behavioral problems. The superintendent shall also request the participation of representatives from interested state agencies or departments, including, but not limited to, the Department of the California Youth Authority, the Department of Justice, the State Department of Social Services, and the Office of Criminal Justice Planning. To the extent feasible, members of the board shall include persons who are currently members of county or local school attendance review boards. For every year after the first year that the board is convened, the purpose of the invitations of participation shall be to inform appropriate groups, state agencies, and departments of the purposes of the board, to fill vacancies, and to supplement the membership of the board as necessary.

(2) The superintendent shall prescribe an appropriate deadline for acceptance of invitations of participation as a member of the state school attendance review board for that particular year, and the invitations accepted on or before the deadline shall constitute the board for that year, except that the board shall also include a representative of the State Department of Education designated by the director of that department. The representative of the State Department of Education shall be the chairperson of the board.

(3) The superintendent shall convene the board at least four times during the year. At its first meeting, the board shall elect any officers, other than its chairperson, as it deems necessary. Members of the board shall serve without compensation and without reimbursement of travel and living expenses.

(4) The State Department of Education shall provide assistance as requested by the Superintendent of Public Instruction in order to implement the provisions of this section.

(c) The state school attendance review board shall make recommendations annually to the Superintendent of Public Instruction, and to state agencies as deemed appropriate, regarding the needs and services provided to high-risk youth, including youth with school attendance or behavioral problems, in the state public schools, and shall propose uniform guidelines or other means to attain the goals stated in subdivision (a).

EDC 48900.

A pupil shall not be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion, unless the superintendent of the school district or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has committed an act as defined pursuant to any of subdivisions (a) to (r), inclusive:

(w)(1) It is the intent of the Legislature that alternatives to suspension or expulsion be imposed against a pupil who is truant, tardy, or otherwise absent from school activities.

EDC 49600.

(a) The governing board of a school district may provide a comprehensive educational counseling program for all pupils enrolled in the school district. It is the intent of the Legislature that a school district that provides educational counseling to its pupils implement a structured and coherent counseling program.

(b) For purposes of this section, "educational counseling" means specialized services provided by a school counselor possessing a valid credential with a specialization in pupil personnel services who is assigned specific times to directly counsel pupils.

(c) It is the intent of the Legislature that school counselors do all of the following:
(6) Intervene to ameliorate school-related problems, including issues related to chronic absences.

PEN 270.1.

(a) A parent or guardian of a pupil of six years of age or more who is in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 8, inclusive, and who is subject to compulsory full-time education or compulsory continuation education, whose child is a chronic truant as defined in Section 48263.6 of the Education Code, who has failed to reasonably supervise and encourage the pupil's school attendance, and who has been offered language accessible support services to address the pupil's truancy, is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine not exceeding two thousand dollars ($2,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one

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year, or by both that fine and imprisonment. A parent or guardian guilty of a misdemeanor under this subdivision may participate in the deferred entry of judgment program defined in subdivision (b).

(b) A superior court may establish a deferred entry of judgment program that includes the components listed in paragraphs (1) to (7), inclusive, to adjudicate cases involving parents or guardians of elementary school pupils who are chronic truants as defined in Section 48263.6 of the Education Code:

(1) A dedicated court calendar.
(2) Leadership by a judge of the superior court in that county.

(3) Meetings, scheduled and held periodically, with school district representatives designated by the chronic truant's school district of enrollment. Those representatives may include school psychologists, school counselors, teachers, school administrators, or other educational service providers deemed appropriate by the school district.

(4) Service referrals for parents or guardians, as appropriate to each case that may include, but are not limited to, all of the following:

(A) Case management.
(B) Mental and physical health services. (C) Parenting classes and support.
(D) Substance abuse treatment.
(E) Child care and housing.

(5) A clear statement that, in lieu of trial, the court may grant deferred entry of judgment with respect to the current crime or crimes charged if the defendant pleads guilty to each charge and waives time for the pronouncement of judgment and that, upon the defendant's compliance with the terms and conditions set forth by the court and agreed to by the defendant upon the entry of his or her plea, and upon the motion of the prosecuting attorney, the court will dismiss the charge or charges against the defendant and the same procedures specified for successful completion of a drug diversion program or a deferred entry of judgment program pursuant to Section 851.90 and the provisions of Section 1203.4 shall apply.

(6) A clear statement that failure to comply with any condition under the program may result in the prosecuting attorney or the court making a motion for entry of judgment, whereupon the court will render a finding of guilty to the charge or charges pled, enter judgment, and schedule a sentencing hearing as otherwise provided in this code.

(7) An explanation of criminal record retention and disposition resulting from participation in the deferred entry of judgment program and the defendant's rights relative to answering questions about his or her arrest and deferred entry of judgment following successful completion of the program.

(c) Funding for the deferred entry of judgment program pursuant to this section shall be derived solely from nonstate sources.

(d) A parent or guardian of an elementary school pupil who is a chronic truant, as defined in Section 48263.6 of the Education Code, may not be punished for a violation of both this section and the provisions of Section 272 that involve criminal liability for parents and guardians of truant children.

(e) If any district attorney chooses to charge a defendant with a violation of subdivision (a) and the defendant is found by the prosecuting attorney to be eligible or ineligible for deferred entry of judgment, the prosecuting attorney shall file with the court a declaration in writing, or state for the record, the grounds upon which that determination is based.

REGULATIONS

§ 306. Explanation of absence.

A principal or teacher may require satisfactory explanation from the parent or guardian of a pupil, either in person or by written note, whenever the pupil is absent a part or all of a school day. The explanation shall not be required until the day following.

Dangerous Weapons

Firearms and Other Weapons Violations

LAWS

EDC 44276.1.

(a) The Legislature finds and declares all of the following:

(1) The educational mission of schools may be thwarted when school campuses are not safe, secure, and peaceful.

(2) Effective school management can improve school safety and decrease violence and criminal behavior.

(3) In many school districts and neighborhoods, violence and criminal behavior are increasingly frequent.

(4) Teachers and other educators who are well prepared in principles of school safety may be able to mitigate, to some degree, the detrimental behavior of pupils and others on school campuses.

(b) Therefore, it is the intent of the Legislature that a comprehensive school safety plan be established pursuant to Section 35294.1 in order to achieve safe, secure, and peaceful school campuses. It is the further intent of the Legislature that the Commission on Teacher Credentialing adopt standards that address the principles of school safety in the preparation of future classroom teachers, school administrators, school counselors, and other pupil personnel service providers as a condition for licensing these prospective practitioners.

(c) Standards adopted by the commission pursuant to paragraph (3) of subdivision (b) of Section 44259, and pursuant to Sections 44266, 44270, 44277, and 44372, shall include the effective preparation of prospective classroom teachers, school administrators, school counselors, and other pupil personnel service providers in principles of school safety. In developing these standards, the commission shall consider, but is not limited to considering, the following principles of school safety:

(1) School management skills that emphasize crisis intervention and conflict resolution.

(2) Developing and maintaining a positive and safe school climate, including methods to prevent the possession of weapons on school campuses.

EDC 48900.

A pupil shall not be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion, unless the superintendent of the school district or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has committed an act as defined pursuant to any of subdivisions (a) to (r), inclusive:

(a)(1) Caused, attempted to cause, or threatened to cause physical injury to another person. (2) Willfully used force or violence upon the person of another, except in self-defense.

(b) Possessed, sold, or otherwise furnished a firearm, knife, explosive, or other dangerous object, unless, in the case of possession of an object of this type, the pupil had obtained written permission to possess the item from a certificated school employee, which is concurred in by the principal or the designee of the principal.

(c) Unlawfully possessed, used, sold, or otherwise furnished, or been under the influence of, a controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, an alcoholic beverage, or an intoxicant of any kind.

(d) Unlawfully offered, arranged, or negotiated to sell a controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, an alcoholic beverage, or an intoxicant of any kind, and either sold, delivered, or otherwise furnished to a person another liquid, substance, or material and represented the liquid, substance, or material as a controlled substance, alcoholic beverage, or intoxicant.

(e) Committed or attempted to commit robbery or extortion.
(f) Caused or attempted to cause damage to school property or private property. (g) Stole or attempted to steal school property or private property.

(h) Possessed or used tobacco, or products containing tobacco or nicotine products, including, but not limited to, cigarettes, cigars, miniature cigars, clove cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, snuff, chew packets, and betel. However, this section does not prohibit the use or possession by a pupil of the pupil's own prescription products.

(i) Committed an obscene act or engaged in habitual profanity or vulgarity.

(j) Unlawfully possessed or unlawfully offered, arranged, or negotiated to sell drug paraphernalia, as defined in Section 11014.5 of the Health and Safety Code.

(k)(1) Disrupted school activities or otherwise willfully defied the valid authority of supervisors, teachers, administrators, school officials, or other school personnel engaged in the performance of their duties.

(2) Except as provided in Section 48910, a pupil enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 3, inclusive, shall not be suspended for any of the acts enumerated in paragraph (1), and those acts shall not constitute grounds for a pupil enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, to be recommended for expulsion. This paragraph is inoperative on July 1, 2020.

(3) Except as provided in Section 48910, commencing July 1, 2020, a pupil enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 5, inclusive, shall not be suspended for any of the acts specified in paragraph (1), and those acts shall not constitute grounds for a pupil enrolled in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, to be recommended for expulsion.

(4) Except as provided in Section 48910, commencing July 1, 2020, a pupil enrolled in any of grades 6 to 8, inclusive, shall not be suspended for any of the acts specified in paragraph (1). This paragraph is inoperative on July 1, 2025.

(l) Knowingly received stolen school property or private property.

(m) Possessed an imitation firearm. As used in this section, "imitation firearm" means a replica of a firearm that is so substantially similar in physical properties to an existing firearm as to lead a reasonable person to conclude that the replica is a firearm.

(n) Committed or attempted to commit a sexual assault as defined in Section 261, 266c, 286, 287, 288, or 289 of, or former Section 288a of, the Penal Code or committed a sexual battery as defined in Section 243.4 of the Penal Code.

(o) Harassed, threatened, or intimidated a pupil who is a complaining witness or a witness in a school disciplinary proceeding for purposes of either preventing that pupil from being a witness or retaliating against that pupil for being a witness, or both.

(p) Unlawfully offered, arranged to sell, negotiated to sell, or sold the prescription drug Soma.

(q) Engaged in, or attempted to engage in, hazing. For purposes of this subdivision, "hazing" means a method of initiation or preinitiation into a pupil organization or body, whether or not the organization or body is officially recognized by an educational institution, that is likely to cause serious bodily injury or personal degradation or disgrace resulting in physical or mental harm to a former, current, or prospective pupil. For purposes of this subdivision, "hazing" does not include athletic events or school- sanctioned events.

(r) Engaged in an act of bullying. For purposes of this subdivision, the following terms have the following meanings:

(1) "Bullying" means any severe or pervasive physical or verbal act or conduct, including communications made in writing or by means of an electronic act, and including one or more acts committed by a pupil or group of pupils as defined in Section 48900.2, 48900.3, or 48900.4, directed toward one or more pupils that has or can be reasonably predicted to have the effect of one or more of the following:

(A) Placing a reasonable pupil or pupils in fear of harm to that pupil's or those pupils' person or property.

(B) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience a substantially detrimental effect on the pupil's physical or mental health.

(C) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience substantial interference with the pupil's academic performance.

(D) Causing a reasonable pupil to experience substantial interference with the pupil's ability to participate in or benefit from the services, activities, or privileges provided by a school.

(2)(A) "Electronic act" means the creation or transmission originated on or off the schoolsite, by means of an electronic device, including, but not limited to, a telephone, wireless telephone, or other wireless communication device, computer, or pager, of a communication, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(i) A message, text, sound, video, or image.
(ii) A post on a social network internet website, including, but not limited to:

(I) Posting to or creating a burn page. "Burn page" means an internet website created for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1).

(II) Creating a credible impersonation of another actual pupil for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1). "Credible impersonation" means to knowingly and without consent impersonate a pupil for the purpose of bullying the pupil and such that another pupil would reasonably believe, or has reasonably believed, that the pupil was or is the pupil who was impersonated.

(III) Creating a false profile for the purpose of having one or more of the effects listed in paragraph (1). "False profile" means a profile of a fictitious pupil or a profile using the likeness or attributes of an actual pupil other than the pupil who created the false profile.

(iii)(I) An act of cyber sexual bullying.

(II) For purposes of this clause, "cyber sexual bullying" means the dissemination of, or the solicitation or incitement to disseminate, a photograph or other visual recording by a pupil to another pupil or to school personnel by means of an electronic act that has or can be reasonably predicted to have one or more of the effects described in subparagraphs (A) to (D), inclusive, of paragraph (1). A photograph or other visual recording, as described in this subclause, shall include the depiction of a nude, semi-nude, or sexually explicit photograph or other visual recording of a minor where the minor is identifiable from the photograph, visual recording, or other electronic act.

(III) For purposes of this clause, "cyber sexual bullying" does not include a depiction, portrayal, or image that has any serious literary, artistic, educational, political, or scientific value or that involves athletic events or school-sanctioned activities.

(B) Notwithstanding paragraph (1) and subparagraph (A), an electronic act shall not constitute pervasive conduct solely on the basis that it has been transmitted on the internet or is currently posted on the internet.

(3) "Reasonable pupil" means a pupil, including, but not limited to, a pupil with exceptional needs, who exercises average care, skill, and judgment in conduct for a person of that age, or for a person of that age with the pupil's exceptional needs.

(s) A pupil shall not be suspended or expelled for any of the acts enumerated in this section unless the act is related to a school activity or school attendance occurring within a school under the jurisdiction of the superintendent of the school district or principal or occurring within any other school district. A pupil may be suspended or expelled for acts that are enumerated in this section and related to a school activity or school attendance that occur at any time, including, but not limited to, any of the following:

(1) While on school grounds.
(2) While going to or coming from school.
(3) During the lunch period whether on or off the campus.
(4) During, or while going to or coming from, a school-sponsored activity.

(t) A pupil who aids or abets, as defined in Section 31 of the Penal Code, the infliction or attempted infliction of physical injury to another person may be subject to suspension, but not expulsion, pursuant to this section, except that a pupil who has been adjudged by a juvenile court to have committed, as an aider and abettor, a crime of physical violence in which the victim suffered great bodily injury or serious bodily injury shall be subject to discipline pursuant to subdivision (a).

(u) As used in this section, "school property" includes, but is not limited to, electronic files and databases.

(v) For a pupil subject to discipline under this section, a superintendent of the school district or principal is encouraged to provide alternatives to suspension or expulsion, using a research-based framework with strategies that improve behavioral and academic outcomes, that are age appropriate and designed to address and correct the pupil's specific misbehavior as specified in Section 48900.5.

(w)(1) It is the intent of the Legislature that alternatives to suspension or expulsion be imposed against a pupil who is truant, tardy, or otherwise absent from school activities.

(2) It is further the intent of the Legislature that the Multi-Tiered System of Supports, which includes restorative justice practices, trauma-informed practices, social and emotional learning, and schoolwide positive behavior interventions and support, may be used to help pupils gain critical social and emotional skills, receive support to help transform trauma-related responses, understand the impact of their actions, and develop meaningful methods for repairing harm to the school community.

EDC 48915.

(a)(1) Except as provided in subdivisions (c) and (e), the principal or the superintendent of schools shall recommend the expulsion of a pupil for any of the following acts committed at school or at a school activity off school grounds, unless the principal or superintendent determines that expulsion should not be recommended under the circumstances or that an alternative means of correction would address the conduct:

(A) Causing serious physical injury to another person, except in self-defense.
(B) Possession of any knife or other dangerous object of no reasonable use to the pupil.

(C) Unlawful possession of any controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, except for either of the following:

(i) The first offense for the possession of not more than one avoirdupois ounce of marijuana, other than concentrated cannabis.

(ii) The possession of over-the-counter medication for use by the pupil for medical purposes or medication prescribed for the pupil by a physician.

(D) Robbery or extortion.

(E) Assault or battery, as defined in Sections 240 and 242 of the Penal Code, upon any school employee.

(2) If the principal or the superintendent of schools makes a determination as described in paragraph (1), he or she is encouraged to do so as quickly as possible to ensure that the pupil does not lose instructional time.

(b) Upon recommendation by the principal or the superintendent of schools, or by a hearing officer or administrative panel appointed pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 48918, the governing board of a school district may order a pupil expelled upon finding that the pupil committed an act listed in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a) or in subdivision (a), (b), (c), (d), or (e) of Section 48900. A decision to expel a pupil for any of those acts shall be based on a finding of one or both of the following:

(1) Other means of correction are not feasible or have repeatedly failed to bring about proper conduct.

(2) Due to the nature of the act, the presence of the pupil causes a continuing danger to the physical safety of the pupil or others.

(c) The principal or superintendent of schools shall immediately suspend, pursuant to Section 48911, and shall recommend expulsion of a pupil that he or she determines has committed any of the following acts at school or at a school activity off school grounds:

(1) Possessing, selling, or otherwise furnishing a firearm. This subdivision does not apply to an act of possessing a firearm if the pupil had obtained prior written permission to possess the firearm from a certificated school employee, which is concurred in by the principal or the designee of the principal. This subdivision applies to an act of possessing a firearm only if the possession is verified by an employee of a school district. The act of possessing an imitation firearm, as defined in subdivision (m) of Section 48900, is not an offense for which suspension or expulsion is mandatory pursuant to this subdivision and subdivision (d), but it is an offense for which suspension, or expulsion pursuant to subdivision (e), may be imposed.

(2) Brandishing a knife at another person.

(3) Unlawfully selling a controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code.

(4) Committing or attempting to commit a sexual assault as defined in subdivision (n) of Section 48900 or committing a sexual battery as defined in subdivision (n) of Section 48900.

(5) Possession of an explosive.

(d) The governing board of a school district shall order a pupil expelled upon finding that the pupil committed an act listed in subdivision (c), and shall refer that pupil to a program of study that meets all of the following conditions:

(1) Is appropriately prepared to accommodate pupils who exhibit discipline problems.

(2) Is not provided at a comprehensive middle, junior, or senior high school, or at any elementary school.

(3) Is not housed at the schoolsite attended by the pupil at the time of suspension.

(e) Upon recommendation by the principal or the superintendent of schools, or by a hearing officer or administrative panel appointed pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 48918, the governing board of a school district may order a pupil expelled upon finding that the pupil, at school or at a school activity off of school grounds violated subdivision (f), (g), (h), (i), (j), (k), (l), or (m) of Section 48900, or Section 48900.2, 48900.3, or 48900.4, and either of the following:

(1) That other means of correction are not feasible or have repeatedly failed to bring about proper conduct.

(2) That due to the nature of the violation, the presence of the pupil causes a continuing danger to the physical safety of the pupil or others.

(f) The governing board of a school district shall refer a pupil who has been expelled pursuant to subdivision (b) or (e) to a program of study that meets all of the conditions specified in subdivision (d). Notwithstanding this subdivision, with respect to a pupil expelled pursuant to subdivision (e), if the county superintendent of schools certifies that an alternative program of study is not available at a site away from a comprehensive middle, junior, or senior high school, or an elementary school, and that the only option for placement is at another comprehensive middle, junior, or senior high school, or another elementary school, the pupil may be referred to a program of study that is provided at a comprehensive middle, junior, or senior high school, or at an elementary school.

(g) As used in this section, "knife" means any dirk, dagger, or other weapon with a fixed, sharpened blade fitted primarily for stabbing, a weapon with a blade fitted primarily for stabbing, a weapon with a blade longer than 31⁄2 inches, a folding knife with a blade that locks into place, or a razor with an unguarded blade.

EDC 49330.

(a)(1) As used in this article "injurious object" shall mean those objects specified in the following sections: (A) Section 16250 of the Penal Code.
(B) Subdivisions (a) to (d), inclusive of Section 16520 of the Penal Code.
(C) Section 16590 of the Penal Code.

(D) Section 16880 of the Penal Code. (E) Section 17235 of the Penal Code. (F) Section 17240 of the Penal Code. (G) Section 17250 of the Penal Code.

(2) As used in this article, "injurious object" shall also mean objects capable of inflicting substantial bodily damage, not necessary for the academic purpose of the pupil.

(b) As used in this section, "academic purpose" means any school sponsored activity or class of instruction scheduled during the schoolday.

(c) "Injurious object" does not include any personal possessions or items of apparel which a schoolage child reasonably may be expected either to have in his or her possession or to wear.

EDC 49331.

Any certificated employee of any school district and any classified employee of a school district who is designated by the governing board for such purposes may take from the personal possession of any pupil upon school premises or while under the authority of school personnel any injurious object in the possession of the pupil.

EDC 49332.

The parent or guardian of a pupil from whom an injurious object has been taken pursuant to this section may be notified by school personnel of the taking.

School personnel may retain protective possession of any injurious object taken pursuant to this section until the risk of its use as a weapon has dissipated, unless prior to dissipation of the risk, the parent or guardian requests that the school personnel retain the object, in which case, the school personnel shall retain the object until the parent or guardian or another adult with the written consent of the parent or guardian appears personally to take possession of the injurious object from the school personnel.

EDC 49333.

Notwithstanding Section 49332, a pupil who brings an injurious object to school, and who presents the object to a certificated or classified employee, may have the object returned to him or her at the conclusion of the school day, provided such injurious object may be lawfully possessed off school grounds.

EDC 49334.

If a school employee initially notifies a law enforcement agency regarding a student or adult who possesses an injurious object while upon school premises or while under the authority of school personnel, the employee may not be subject to any civil or administrative proceeding, including any disciplinary action, for violation of any local policy or procedure relating to the notification of a law enforcement agency. The employee shall conform to locally adopted procedures after exercising his or her personal option to notify a law enforcement agency.

PEN 626.9.

(a) This section shall be known, and may be cited, as the Gun-Free School Zone Act of 1995.

(b) Any person who possesses a firearm in a place that the person knows, or reasonably should know, is a school zone, as defined in paragraph (4) of subdivision (e), shall be punished as specified in subdivision (f).

(c) Subdivision (b) does not apply to the possession of a firearm under any of the following circumstances:

(1) Within a place of residence or place of business or on private property, if the place of residence, place of business, or private property is not part of the school grounds and the possession of the firearm is otherwise lawful.

When the firearm is an unloaded pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed on the person and is in a locked container or within the locked trunk of a motor vehicle.

(2) When the firearm is an unloaded pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed on the person and is in a locked container or within the locked trunk of a motor vehicle.

(3) When the person possessing the firearm reasonably believes that he or she is in grave danger because of circumstances forming the basis of a current restraining order issued by a court against another person or persons who has or have been found to pose a threat to his or her life or safety. This subdivision does not apply when the circumstances involve a mutual restraining order issued pursuant to Division 10 (commencing with Section 6200) of the Family Code absent a factual finding of a specific threat to the person's life or safety. Upon a trial for violating subdivision (b), the trier of a fact shall determine whether the defendant was acting out of a reasonable belief that he or she was in grave danger.

(4) When the person is exempt from the prohibition against carrying a concealed firearm pursuant to Section 25615, 25625, 25630, or 25645.

(5) When the person holds a valid license to carry the firearm pursuant to Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 26150) of Division 5 of Title 4 of Part 6, who is carrying that firearm in an area that is not in, or on the grounds of, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, but within a distance of 1,000 feet from the grounds of the public or private school.

(d) Except as provided in subdivision (b), it shall be unlawful for any person, with reckless disregard for the safety of another, to discharge, or attempt to discharge, a firearm in a school zone, as defined in paragraph (4) of subdivision (e).

The prohibition contained in this subdivision does not apply to the discharge of a firearm to the extent that the conditions of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) are satisfied.

(e) As used in this section, the following definitions shall apply:
(1) "Concealed firearm" has the same meaning as that term is given in Sections 25400 and 25610.

(2) "Firearm" has the same meaning as that term is given in subdivisions (a) to (d), inclusive, of Section 16520.

(3) "Locked container" has the same meaning as that term is given in Section 16850.

(4) "School zone" means an area in, or on the grounds of, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, or within a distance of 1,000 feet from the grounds of the public or private school.

(f)(1) A person who violates subdivision (b) by possessing a firearm in, or on the grounds of, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or five years.

(2) A person who violates subdivision (b) by possessing a firearm within a distance of 1,000 feet from the grounds of a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, shall be punished as follows:

(A) By imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or five years, if any of the following circumstances apply:

(i) If the person previously has been convicted of any felony, or of any crime made punishable by any provision listed in Section 16580.

(ii) If the person is within a class of persons prohibited from possessing or acquiring a firearm pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 29800) or Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 29900) of Division 9 of Title 4 of Part 6 of this code or Section 8100 or 8103 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

(iii) If the firearm is any pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed upon the person and the offense is punished as a felony pursuant to Section 25400.

(B) By imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or five years, in all cases other than those specified in subparagraph (A).

(3) A person who violates subdivision (d) shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for three, five, or seven years.

(g)(1) A person convicted under this section for a misdemeanor violation of subdivision (b) who has been convicted previously of a misdemeanor offense enumerated in Section 23515 shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not less than three months, or if probation is granted or if the execution or imposition of sentence is suspended, it shall be a condition thereof that he or she be imprisoned in a county jail for not less than three months.

(2) A person convicted under this section of a felony violation of subdivision (b) or (d) who has been convicted previously of a misdemeanor offense enumerated in Section 23515, if probation is granted or if the execution of sentence is suspended, it shall be a condition thereof that he or she be imprisoned in a county jail for not less than three months.

(3) A person convicted under this section for a felony violation of subdivision (b) or (d) who has been convicted previously of any felony, or of any crime made punishable by any provision listed in Section 16580, if probation is granted or if the execution or imposition of sentence is suspended, it shall be a condition thereof that he or she be imprisoned in a county jail for not less than three months.

(4) The court shall apply the three-month minimum sentence specified in this subdivision, except in unusual cases where the interests of justice would best be served by granting probation or suspending the execution or imposition of sentence without the minimum imprisonment required in this subdivision or by granting probation or suspending the execution or imposition of sentence with conditions other than those set forth in this subdivision, in which case the court shall specify on the record and shall enter on the minutes the circumstances indicating that the interests of justice would best be served by this disposition.

(h) Notwithstanding Section 25605, any person who brings or possesses a loaded firearm upon the grounds of a campus of, or buildings owned or operated for student housing, teaching, research, or administration by, a public or private university or college, that are contiguous or are clearly marked university property, unless it is with the written permission of the university or college president, his or her designee, or equivalent university or college authority, shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years. Notwithstanding subdivision (k), a university or college shall post a prominent notice at primary entrances on noncontiguous property stating that firearms are prohibited on that property pursuant to this subdivision.

(i) Notwithstanding Section 25605, any person who brings or possesses a firearm upon the grounds of a campus of, or buildings owned or operated for student housing, teaching, research, or administration by, a public or private university or college, that are contiguous or are clearly marked university property, unless it is with the written permission of the university or college president, his or her designee, or equivalent university or college authority, shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for one, two, or three years. Notwithstanding subdivision (k), a university or college shall post a prominent notice at primary entrances on noncontiguous property stating that firearms are prohibited on that property pursuant to this subdivision.

(j) For purposes of this section, a firearm shall be deemed to be loaded when there is an unexpended cartridge or shell, consisting of a case that holds a charge of powder and a bullet or shot, in, or attached in any manner to, the firearm, including, but not limited to, in the firing chamber, magazine, or clip thereof attached to the firearm. A muzzle-loader firearm shall be deemed to be loaded when it is capped or primed and has a powder charge and ball or shot in the barrel or cylinder.

(k) This section does not require that notice be posted regarding the proscribed conduct.

(l) This section does not apply to a duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, a full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in California, any person summoned by any of these officers to assist in making arrests or preserving the peace while he or she is actually engaged in assisting the officer, a member of the military forces of this state or of the United States who is engaged in the performance of his or her duties, or an armored vehicle guard, engaged in the performance of his or her duties, as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 7582.1 of the Business and Professions Code.

(m) This section does not apply to a security guard authorized to carry a loaded firearm pursuant to Article 4 (commencing with Section 26000) of Chapter 3 of Division 5 of Title 4 of Part 6.

(n) This section does not apply to an existing shooting range at a public or private school or university or college campus.

(o) This section does not apply to an honorably retired peace officer authorized to carry a concealed or loaded firearm pursuant to any of the following:

(1) Article 2 (commencing with Section 25450) of Chapter 2 of Division 5 of Title 4 of Part 6. (2) Section 25650.
(3) Sections 25900 to 25910, inclusive.
(4) Section 26020.

(5) Paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 26300.

(p) This section does not apply to a peace officer appointed pursuant to Section 830.6 who is authorized to carry a firearm by the appointing agency.

(q)(1) This section does not apply to the activities of a program involving shooting sports or activities, including, but not limited to, trap shooting, skeet shooting, sporting clays, and pistol shooting, that are sanctioned by a school, school district, college, university, or other governing body of the institution, that occur on the grounds of a public or private school or university or college campus.

(2) This section does not apply to the activities of a state-certified hunter education program pursuant to Section 3051 of the Fish and Game Code if all firearms are unloaded and participants do not possess live ammunition in a school building.

PEN 626.10.

(a)(1) Any person, except a duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, a full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in this state, a person summoned by any officer to assist in making arrests or preserving the peace while the person is actually engaged in assisting any officer, or a member of the military forces of this state or the United States who is engaged in the performance of his or her duties, who brings or possesses any dirk, dagger, ice pick, knife having a blade longer than 21⁄2 inches, folding knife with a blade that locks into place, razor with an unguarded blade, taser, or stun gun, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 244.5, any instrument that expels a metallic projectile, such as a BB or a pellet, through the force of air pressure, CO2 pressure, or spring action, or any spot marker gun, upon the grounds of, or within, any public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, is guilty of a public offense, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170.

(2) Any person, except a duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, a full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in this state, a person summoned by any officer to assist in making arrests or preserving the peace while the person is actually engaged in assisting any officer, or a member of the military forces of this state or the United States who is engaged in the performance of his or her duties, who brings or possesses a razor blade or a box cutter upon the grounds of, or within, any public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, is guilty of a public offense, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year.

(b) Any person, except a duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, a full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in this state, a person summoned by any officer to assist in making arrests or preserving the peace while the person is actually engaged in assisting any officer, or a member of the military forces of this state or the United States who is engaged in the performance of his or her duties, who brings or possesses any dirk, dagger, ice pick, or knife having a fixed blade longer than 21⁄2 inches upon the grounds of, or within, any private university, the University of California, the California State University, or the California Community Colleges is guilty of a public offense, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170.

(c) Subdivisions (a) and (b) do not apply to any person who brings or possesses a knife having a blade longer than 21⁄2 inches, a razor with an unguarded blade, a razor blade, or a box cutter upon the grounds of, or within, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, or any private university, state university, or community college at the direction of a faculty member of the private university, state university, or community college, or a certificated or classified employee of the school for use in a private university, state university, community college, or school- sponsored activity or class.

(d) Subdivisions (a) and (b) do not apply to any person who brings or possesses an ice pick, a knife having a blade longer than 21⁄2 inches, a razor with an unguarded blade, a razor blade, or a box cutter upon the grounds of, or within, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, or any private university, state university, or community college for a lawful purpose within the scope of the person's employment.

(e) Subdivision (b) does not apply to any person who brings or possesses an ice pick or a knife having a fixed blade longer than 21⁄2 inches upon the grounds of, or within, any private university, state university, or community college for lawful use in or around a residence or residential facility located upon those grounds or for lawful use in food preparation or consumption.

(f) Subdivision (a) does not apply to any person who brings an instrument that expels a metallic projectile, such as a BB or a pellet, through the force of air pressure, CO2 pressure, or spring action, or any spot marker gun, or any razor blade or box cutter upon the grounds of, or within, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, if the person has the written permission of the school principal or his or her designee.

(g) Any certificated or classified employee or school peace officer of a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, may seize any of the weapons described in subdivision (a), and any certificated or classified employee or school peace officer of any private university, state university, or community college may seize any of the weapons described in subdivision (b), from the possession of any person upon the grounds of, or within, the school if he or she knows, or has reasonable cause to know, the person is prohibited from bringing or possessing the weapon upon the grounds of, or within, the school.

PEN 30310.

(a) Unless it is with the written permission of the school district superintendent, the superintendent's designee, or equivalent school authority, no person shall carry ammunition or reloaded ammunition onto school grounds, except sworn law enforcement officers acting within the scope of their duties.

(b) This section shall not apply to any of the following:

(1) A duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2.

(2) A full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in California.

(3) Any person summoned by any of these officers to assist in making an arrest or preserving the peace while that person is actually engaged in assisting the officer.

(4) A member of the military forces of this state or of the United States who is engaged in the performance of that person's duties.

(5) An armored vehicle guard, who is engaged in the performance of that person's duties, as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 7582.1 of the Business and Professions Code.

(6) Any peace officer, listed in Section 830.1 or 830.2, or subdivision (a) of Section 830.33, whether active or honorably retired.

(7) Any other duly appointed peace officer.
(8) Any honorably retired peace officer listed in subdivision (c) of Section 830.5.

(9) Any other honorably retired peace officer who during the course and scope of his or her appointment as a peace officer was authorized to, and did, carry a firearm.

(10)(A) A person carrying ammunition or reloaded ammunition onto school grounds that is in a motor vehicle at all times and is within a locked container or within the locked trunk of the vehicle.

(B) For purposes of this paragraph, the term "locked container" has the same meaning as set forth in Section 16850.

(c) A violation of this section is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for a term not to exceed six months, a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000), or both the imprisonment and fine.

Substance Use

Substance Use

LAWS

EDC 8804.

The superintendent shall award grants to a local educational agency or consortium to pay the costs of planning and operating, on behalf of one or more qualifying schools within the local educational agency or consortium, programs that provide support services to pupils and their families at or near the school, as follows:

(g) For purposes of this chapter, support services shall include case-managed health, mental health, social, and academic support services benefiting children and their families, and may include, but are not limited to:

(3) Substance abuse prevention and treatment services.

EDC 32261.

(a) The Legislature hereby recognizes that all pupils enrolled in the state public schools have the inalienable right to attend classes on school campuses that are safe, secure, and peaceful. The Legislature also recognizes that pupils cannot fully benefit from an educational program unless they attend school on a regular basis. In addition, the Legislature further recognizes that school crime, vandalism, truancy, and excessive absenteeism are significant problems on far too many school campuses in the state.

(b) The Legislature hereby finds and declares that the establishment of an interagency coordination system is the most efficient and long-lasting means of resolving school and community problems of truancy and crime, including vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership, gang violence, and hate crimes.

(c) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter to support California public schools as they develop their mandated comprehensive safety plans that are the result of a systematic planning process, that include strategies aimed at the prevention of, and education about, potential incidents involving crime and violence on school campuses, and that address the safety concerns of local law enforcement agencies, community leaders, parents, pupils, teachers, administrators, school police, and other school employees interested in the prevention of school crime and violence.

(d) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter to encourage school districts, county offices of education, law enforcement agencies, and agencies serving youth to develop and implement interagency strategies, in-service training programs, and activities that will improve school attendance and reduce school crime and violence, including vandalism, drug and alcohol abuse, gang membership, gang violence, hate crimes, bullying, including bullying committed personally or by means of an electronic act, teen relationship violence, and discrimination and harassment, including, but not limited to, sexual harassment.

(e) It is the intent of the Legislature in enacting this chapter that the School/Law Enforcement Partnership shall not duplicate any existing gang or drug and alcohol abuse program currently provided for schools.

(f) As used in this chapter, "bullying" has the same meaning as set forth in subdivision (r) of Section 48900.

 (g) As used in this chapter, "electronic act" has the same meaning as set forth in subdivision (r) of Section 48900.

EDC 44046.

(a) The governing board of a small school district, which does not employ persons charged with school- community duties of counseling students and parents or guardians in their homes, may contract with any qualified social service agency or organization to secure the services, on a part-time or full-time basis, of qualified social workers as counselors in schools and in the homes of pupils. The State Board of Education shall adopt rules and regulations for the implementation of this section, but such social workers shall not be required to hold credentials or certification documents otherwise required under this code for service in the public schools.

(b) Social workers authorized to serve under this section, as well as credentialed school social workers in districts other than small school districts, may perform, but are not limited to, the performance of the following service to children, parents, school personnel, and community agencies:

(3) Consultation with parents and others in crisis situations, such as truancy, drug abuse, suicide threats, assaults, and child abuse.

EDC 44049.

(a) Except as provided in subdivision (c), any principal or person designated by the principal who, in his or her professional capacity or within the scope of his or her employment, has knowledge of or observes a pupil whom he or she knows, or reasonably suspects as evidenced by the pupil's apparent intoxication, has consumed an alcoholic beverage or abused a controlled substance, as listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of the Health and Safety Code, may report the known or suspected instance of alcohol or controlled substance abuse to the parent or parents, or other person having legal custody, of the student.

(b) No principal or his or her designee who reports a known or suspected instance of alcohol or controlled substance abuse by a pupil to the parent or parents, or other person having legal custody, of the pupil shall be civilly or criminally liable, for any report or as a result of any report, unless it can be proven that a false report was made and the principal or his or her designee knew that the report was false or was made with reckless disregard for the truth or falsity of the report. Any principal or his or her designee who makes a report known to be false or with reckless disregard of the truth or falsity of the report is liable for any damages caused.

(c) No principal or person designated by the principal shall report a known or suspected instance of alcohol or controlled substance abuse by a pupil to the parent or parents, or other person having legal custody, of the pupil if the report would require the disclosure of confidential information in violation of Section 49602 or 72621.

EDC 48900.

A pupil shall not be suspended from school or recommended for expulsion, unless the superintendent of the school district or the principal of the school in which the pupil is enrolled determines that the pupil has committed an act as defined pursuant to any of subdivisions (a) to (r), inclusive:

(a)(1) Caused, attempted to cause, or threatened to cause physical injury to another person. (2) Willfully used force or violence upon the person of another, except in self-defense.

(b) Possessed, sold, or otherwise furnished a firearm, knife, explosive, or other dangerous object, unless, in the case of possession of an object of this type, the pupil had obtained written permission to possess the item from a certificated school employee, which is concurred in by the principal or the designee of the principal.

(c) Unlawfully possessed, used, sold, or otherwise furnished, or been under the influence of, a controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, an alcoholic beverage, or an intoxicant of any kind.

(d) Unlawfully offered, arranged, or negotiated to sell a controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, an alcoholic beverage, or an intoxicant of any kind, and either sold, delivered, or otherwise furnished to a person another liquid, substance, or material and represented the liquid, substance, or material as a controlled substance, alcoholic beverage, or intoxicant.

(e) Committed or attempted to commit robbery or extortion.
(f) Caused or attempted to cause damage to school property or private property. (g) Stole or attempted to steal school property or private property.

(h) Possessed or used tobacco, or products containing tobacco or nicotine products, including, but not limited to, cigarettes, cigars, miniature cigars, clove cigarettes, smokeless tobacco, snuff, chew packets, and betel. However, this section does not prohibit the use or possession by a pupil of the pupil's own prescription products.

EDC 48901.

(a) No school shall permit the smoking or use of a tobacco product by pupils of the school while the pupils are on campus, or while attending school-sponsored activities or while under the supervision and control of school district employees.

(b) The governing board of any school district maintaining a high school shall take all steps it deems practical to discourage high school students from smoking.

(c) For purposes of this section, "smoking" has the same meaning as in subdivision (c) of Section 22950.5 of the Business and Professions Code.

(d) For purposes of this section, "tobacco product" means a product or device as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 22950.5 of the Business and Professions Code.

EDC 48902.

(c) Notwithstanding subdivision (b), the principal of a school or the principal's designee shall notify the appropriate law enforcement authorities of the county or city in which the school is located of any acts of a pupil that may involve the possession or sale of narcotics or of a controlled substance or a violation of Section 626.9 or 626.10 of the Penal Code. The principal of a school or the principal's designee shall report any act specified in paragraph (1) or (5) of subdivision (c) of Section 48915 committed by a pupil or nonpupil on a schoolsite to the city police or county sheriff with jurisdiction over the school and the school security department or the school police department, as applicable.

EDC 48909.

When a petition is requested in juvenile court or a complaint is filed in any court alleging that a minor of compulsory school attendance age or any pupil currently enrolled in a public school in a grade to and including grade 12 is a person who (a) has used, sold, or possessed narcotics or other hallucinogenic drugs or substances; (b) has inhaled or breathed the fumes of, or ingested any poison classified as such in Section 4160 of the Business and Professions Code; or (c) has committed felonious assault, homicide, or rape the district attorney may, within 48 hours, provide written notice to the superintendent of the school district of attendance, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 827 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, and to the pupil's parent or guardian.

EDC 48915.

(a)(1) Except as provided in subdivisions (c) and (e), the principal or the superintendent of schools shall recommend the expulsion of a pupil for any of the following acts committed at school or at a school activity off school grounds, unless the principal or superintendent determines that expulsion should not be recommended under the circumstances or that an alternative means of correction would address the conduct:

(C) Unlawful possession of any controlled substance listed in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 11053) of Division 10 of the Health and Safety Code, except for either of the following:

(i) The first offense for the possession of not more than one avoirdupois ounce of marijuana, other than concentrated cannabis.

(ii) The possession of over-the-counter medication for use by the pupil for medical purposes or medication prescribed for the pupil by a physician.

EDC 48916.5.

The governing board may require a pupil who is expelled from school for reasons relating to controlled substances, as defined in Sections 11054 to 11058, inclusive, of the Health and Safety Code, or alcohol, prior to returning to school to enroll in a county-supported drug rehabilitation program. No pupil shall be required to enroll in a rehabilitation program pursuant to this section without the consent of his or her parent or guardian.

HSC 104420.

The State Department of Education shall provide the leadership for the successful implementation of this article in programs administered by local public and private schools, school districts, and county offices of education. The State Department of Education shall do all of the following:

(a) Provide a planning and technical assistance program to carry out its responsibilities under this article.

(b) Provide guidelines for schools, school districts, county offices of education, and school district consortia to follow in the preparation of plans for implementation of antitobacco use programs for schoolage populations. The guidelines shall do all of the following:

(1) Require the applicant agency to select one or more model program designs and permit the applicant to modify the model program designs to take special local needs and conditions into account.

(2) Require the applicant agency to prepare for each target population to be served a description of the service to be provided, an estimate of the number to be served, an estimate of the success rate, and a method to determine to what extent goals have been achieved.

(3) Require plan submissions to include a staffing configuration and a budget setting forth use and distribution of funds in a clear and detailed manner.

(c) Prepare model program designs and information for schools, school districts, consortia, and county offices of education to follow in establishing direct service programs to targeted populations. Model program designs shall, to the extent feasible, be based on studies and evaluations that determine which service delivery systems are effective in reducing tobacco use and are cost effective. The State Department of Education shall consult with the department, and school districts with existing antitobacco programs in the preparation of model program designs and information.

(d) Provide technical assistance for schools, school districts, and county offices of education regarding the prevention and cessation of tobacco use. In fulfilling its technical assistance responsibilities, the State Department of Education may establish a center for tobacco use prevention that shall identify, maintain, and develop instructional materials and curricula encouraging the prevention or cessation of tobacco use. The State Department of Education shall consult with the department and others with expertise in antitobacco materials or curricula in the preparation of these materials and curricula.

(e) Monitor the implementation of programs that it has approved under this article to ensure successful implementation.

California Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations Page 332

(f) Prepare guidelines within 180 days of January 1, 1996, for a school-based program of outreach, education, intervention, counseling, peer counseling, and other activities to reduce and prevent smoking among schoolage youth.

(g) Assist county offices of education to employ a tobacco use prevention coordinator to assist local schools and local public and community agencies in preventing tobacco use by pupils.

(h) Train the tobacco use prevention coordinators of county offices of education so that they are:

(1) Familiar with relevant research regarding the effectiveness of various kinds of antitobacco use programs.

(2) Familiar with department guidelines and requirements for submission, review, and approval of school-based plans.

(3) Able to provide effective technical assistance to schools and school districts.

(i) Establish a tobacco-free school recognition awards program.

(j) As a condition of receiving funds pursuant to this article, the State Department of Education, county offices of education, charter schools, and school districts shall ensure that they coordinate their efforts toward smoking prevention and cessation with the lead local agency in the community where the local school district is located.

(k)(1) Develop, in coordination with the county offices of education, and administer a competitive grant program for school-based, antitobacco education programs and tobacco use intervention and cessation activities in order to reduce the number of pupils who begin to use tobacco, continue to use tobacco, or both. Grants shall be awarded, after consultation with local lead agencies, the committee, and representatives of nonprofit organizations dedicated to the reduction of tobacco-associated disease, to school districts, charter schools, and county offices of education for all pupils in grades 6 to 12, inclusive, that comply with the requirements of paragraphs (2) and, if applicable, (3).

(2) Every school district, charter school, and county office of education that receives a grant pursuant to this section shall provide tobacco use prevention instruction that addresses all of the following essential topics:

(A) Immediate and long-term undesirable physiologic, cosmetic, and social consequences of tobacco use.

(B) Reasons that adolescents say they smoke or use tobacco.
(C) Peer norms and social influences that promote tobacco use.
(D) Refusal skills for resisting social influences that promote tobacco use.

(3) Every school district, charter school, and county office of education that receives a grant pursuant to this section for pupils in grades 7 to 12, inclusive, shall provide tobacco use intervention and cessation activities targeted for pupils in high-risk groups.

(4) The State Department of Education shall develop criteria and standards for the allocation of grant awards that consider the need to balance rural, suburban, and urban projects. In addition, the State Department of Education shall give priority to applicants and programs that do all of the following:

(A) Target current smokers and pupils most at risk for beginning to use tobacco. (B) Offer or refer pupils to cessation classes for current smokers.

(C) Utilize existing antismoking resources, including local antismoking efforts by local lead agencies and competitive grant recipients.

(D) Design the project to coordinate with other community services, including, but not limited to, local health agencies, voluntary health organizations, and parent organizations.

(E) Design the project to use and develop existing services and resources.

(F) Demonstrate an understanding of the role that the environment and community norms play in influencing tobacco use.

California Compilation of School Discipline Laws and Regulations Page 333

(5) Available funds shall determine grant award amounts.

(l) Allocate funds to county offices of education to provide technical assistance and leadership for tobacco use prevention, intervention, and cessation programs. The funds shall be allocated to all participating county offices of education at a minimum amount of thirty-seven thousand five hundred dollars ($37,500). If funds appropriated for purposes of allocating at least thirty-seven thousand five hundred dollars ($37,500) to all participating county offices of education are insufficient, the Superintendent of Public Instruction shall prorate available funds among participating county offices of education ensuring that all participating county offices of education receive an equal minimum level of funding of thirty-seven thousand five hundred dollars ($37,500). If funds are sufficient to provide all participating county offices of education a minimum of thirty-seven thousand five hundred dollars ($37,500), the remaining funds shall be allocated according to the following schedule based on average daily attendance in the prior year credited to all elementary, high, and unified school districts, and to the county superintendent of schools within the county as certified by the Superintendent of Public Instruction:

(1) For counties with 550,000 or more units of average daily attendance, thirty cents ($0.30) per average daily attendance.

(2) For counties with 100,000 or more and less than 550,000 units of average daily attendance, sixty- five cents ($0.65) per average daily attendance.

(3) For counties with 50,000 or more and less than 100,000 units of average daily attendance, ninety cents ($0.90) per average daily attendance.

(4) For counties with 37,500 or more and less than 50,000 units of average daily attendance, one dollar ($1) per average daily attendance.

(5) For counties with less than 37,500 units of average daily attendance, thirty-seven thousand five hundred dollars ($37,500).

(m) Allocate funds appropriated by Chapter 415 of the Statutes of 1995 for local assistance to school districts and county offices of education based on average daily attendance reported in the second principal apportionment in the prior fiscal year.

(n)(1) Provide that all school districts, charter schools, and county offices of education that receive funding under subdivision (m) make reasonable progress toward providing a tobacco-free environment in school facilities for pupils and employees.

(2) Require that all school districts, charter schools, and county offices of education that receive funding pursuant to paragraph (1) adopt and enforce a tobacco-free campus policy no later than July 1 of each fiscal year. The policy shall prohibit the use of products containing tobacco and nicotine, including, but not limited to, smokeless tobacco, snuff, chew, clove cigarettes, and electronic cigarettes that can deliver nicotine and nonnicotine vaporized solutions, at any time, in charter school or school district-owned or leased buildings, on school or district property, and in school or district vehicles. However, this section does not prohibit the use or possession of prescription products, nicotine patches, or nicotine gum. Information about the policy and enforcement procedures shall be communicated clearly to school personnel, parents, pupils, and the larger community. Signs stating “Tobacco use is prohibited” shall be prominently displayed at all entrances to school property as provided in Section 104559. Information about smoking cessation support programs shall be made available and encouraged for pupils and staff. Any school district, charter school, or county office of education that does not have a tobacco-free district policy implemented by July 1, shall not be eligible to apply for funds from the Cigarette and Tobacco Products Surtax Fund for that fiscal year.

HSC 104559.

(a) The use of tobacco and nicotine products is prohibited at any time in a county office of education, charter school or school district-owned or leased buildings, on school or district property, and in school or district vehicles. This includes, but is not limited to, smokeless tobacco, snuff, chew, clove cigarettes, and other nicotine delivery devices, such as electronic cigarettes.

(b) School districts, charter schools, and county offices of education shall prominently display signs at all entrances to school property stating "Tobacco use is prohibited."

PEN 13860.

The Legislature finds and declares that a substantial drug abuse and drug trafficking problem exists among school-age children on and around school campuses in the State of California. By enacting this chapter, it is the intention of the Legislature to support increased efforts by local law enforcement agencies, working in conjunction with school districts and county drug offices to suppress trafficking and prevent drug abuse among school age children on and around school campuses through the development of innovative and model programs by local law enforcement agencies and schools and drug abuse agencies. As used in this chapter, drugs are defined as marijuana, inhalants, narcotics, dangerous drugs, pharmaceuticals, glue and alcohol. It is the further intention of the Legislature to establish a program of financial and technical assistance for local law enforcement and school districts.

PEN 13861.

There is hereby created in the Office of Emergency Services the Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Program. All funds made available to the Office of Emergency Services for the purposes of this chapter shall be administered and disbursed by the Director of Emergency Services in consultation with the State Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee established pursuant to Section 13863.

(a) The Director of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee, is authorized to allocate and award funds to local law enforcement agencies and public schools jointly working to develop drug abuse prevention and drug trafficking suppression programs in substantial compliance with the policies and criteria set forth in Sections 13862 and 13863.

(b) The allocation and award of funds shall be made upon the joint application by the chief law enforcement officer of the coapplicant law enforcement agency and approved by the law enforcement agency's legislative body and the superintendent and board of the school district coapplicant. The joint application of the law enforcement agency and the school district shall be submitted for review to the Local Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee established pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (a) of Section 13862. After review, the application shall be submitted to the Office of Emergency Services. Funds disbursed under this chapter may enhance but shall not supplant local funds that would, in the absence of the Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Program, be made available to suppress and prevent drug abuse among schoolage children and to curtail drug trafficking in and around school areas.

(c) The coapplicant local law enforcement agency and the coapplicant school district may enter into interagency agreements between themselves which will allow the management and fiscal tasks created pursuant to this chapter and assigned to both the law enforcement agency and the school district to be performed by only one of them.

(d) Within 90 days of the effective date of this chapter, the Director of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee established pursuant to Section 13863, shall prepare and issue administrative guidelines and procedures for the Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Program consistent with this chapter. In addition to all other formal requirements that may apply to the enactment of these guidelines and procedures, a complete and final draft shall be submitted within 60 days of the effective date of this chapter to the Chairpersons of the Committee on Criminal Law and Public Safety of the Assembly and the Judiciary Committee of the Senate of the California Legislature.

PEN 13862.

Law enforcement agencies and school districts receiving funds under this chapter shall concentrate enhanced apprehension, prevention, and education efforts and resources on drug abuse and drug trafficking in and around school campuses.

(a) These enhanced apprehension, prevention, and education efforts shall include, but not be limited to: (1) Drug traffic intervention programs.

(2) School and classroom-oriented programs, using tested drug abuse education curriculum that provides indepth and accurate information on drugs, which may include the participation of local law enforcement agencies and qualified drug abuse prevention specialists and which are designed to increase teachers' and students' awareness of drugs and their effects.

(3) Family oriented programs aimed at preventing drug abuse which may include the participation of community-based organizations experienced in the successful operation of such programs.

(4) The establishment of a Local Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee. The committee shall be established and appointed by the board of supervisors of each county and city and county. However, if the agency receiving funds under this chapter is a city agency and the program does not involve any county agency, or if a county agency is involved and the county board of supervisors consents, the committee shall be established and appointed by the city council. The committee may be a newly created committee or an existing local drug abuse committee as designated by the board or city council. The committee shall be composed of, at a minimum, the following:

(A) Local law enforcement executives.

(B) School district executives.

(C) Schoolsite staff, which includes administrators, teachers, or other credentialed personnel.

(D) Parents.

(E) Students.

(F) School peace officers.

(G) County drug program administrators designated pursuant to Section 11962 of the Health and Safety Code.

(H) Drug prevention program executives.

(5) Development and distribution of appropriate written and audio-visual aids for training of school and law enforcement staff for handling drug-related problems and offenses. Appropriate existing aids may be utilized in lieu of development of new materials.

(6) Development of prevention and intervention programs for elementary school teachers and students, including utilization of existing prevention and intervention programs.

(7) Development of a coordinated intervention system that identifies students with chronic drug abuse problems and facilitates their referral to a drug abuse treatment program.

(b) Enhanced apprehension, prevention, and education efforts commenced under this section shall be a joint effort between local law enforcement and local school districts in cooperation with county drug program offices. These efforts shall include, but not be limited to, the concentration of apprehension efforts in "problem" areas identified by local school authorities.

(c) Funds appropriated pursuant to this chapter may be used in part to support state-level development and statewide distribution of appropriate written and audio-visual aids for public awareness and training of school and law enforcement staff for handling drug-related problems and offenses. When existing aids can be identified, these aids may be utilized in lieu of the development of new aids.

PEN 13864.

There is hereby created in the Office of Emergency Services the Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component of the Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Program in public elementary schools in grades 4 to 6, inclusive. Notwithstanding Section 13861 or any other provision in this code, all Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component funds made available to the Office of Emergency Services in accordance with the Classroom Instructional Improvement and Accountability Act shall be administered by and disbursed to county superintendents of schools in this state by the Director of Emergency Services. All applications for that funding shall be reviewed and evaluated by the Office of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Department of Health Care Services and the State Department of Education.

(a) The Director of Emergency Services is authorized to allocate and award funds to county department superintendents of schools for allocation to individual school districts or to a consortium of two or more school districts. Applications funded under this section shall comply with the criteria, policies, and procedures established under subdivision (b) of this section.

(b) As a condition of eligibility for the funding described in this section, the school district or consortium of school districts shall have entered into an agreement with a local law enforcement agency to jointly implement a comprehensive alcohol and drug abuse prevention, intervention, and suppression program developed by the Office of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Department of Health Care Services and the State Department of Education, containing all of the following components:

(1) A standardized age-appropriate curriculum designed for pupils in grades 4 to 6, inclusive, specifically tailored and sensitive to the socioeconomic and ethnic characteristics of the target pupil population. Although new curricula shall not be required to be developed, existing curricula may be modified and adapted to meet local needs. The elements of the standardized comprehensive alcohol and drug prevention education program curriculum shall be defined and approved by the Governor's Policy Council on Drug and Alcohol Abuse, as established by Executive Order No. D-70-80.

(2) A planning process that includes assessment of the school district's characteristics, resources, and the extent of problems related to juvenile drug abuse, and input from local law enforcement agencies.

(3) A school district governing board policy that provides for a coordinated intervention system that, at a minimum, includes procedures for identification, intervention, and referral of at-promise alcohol- and drug-involved youth, and identifies the roles and responsibilities of law enforcement, school personnel, parents, and pupils.

(4) Early intervention activities that include, but are not limited to, the identification of pupils who are high risk or have chronic drug abuse problems, assessment, and referral for appropriate services, including ongoing support services.

(5) Parent education programs to initiate and maintain parental involvement, with an emphasis for parents of at-risk pupils.

(6) Staff and in-service training programs, including both indepth training for the core team involved in providing program services and general awareness training for all school faculty and administrative, credentialed, and noncredentialed school personnel.

(7) In-service training programs for local law enforcement officers.

(8) School, law enforcement, and community involvement to ensure coordination of program services. Pursuant to that coordination, the school district or districts and other local agencies are encouraged to use a single community advisory committee or task force for drug, alcohol, and tobacco abuse prevention programs, as an alternative to the creation of a separate group for that purpose under each state or federally funded program.

(c) The application of the county superintendent of schools shall be submitted to the Office of Emergency Services. Funds made available to the Office of Emergency Services for allocation under this section are intended to enhance, but shall not supplant, local funds that would, in the absence of the Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component, be made available to prevent, intervene in, or suppress drug abuse among schoolage children. For districts that are already implementing a comprehensive drug abuse prevention program for pupils in grades 4 to 6, inclusive, the county superintendent shall propose the use of the funds for drug prevention activities in school grades other than 4 to 6, inclusive, compatible with the program components of this section. The expenditure of funds for that alternative purpose shall be approved by the Director of Emergency Services.

(1) Unless otherwise authorized by the Office of Emergency Services, each county superintendent of schools shall be the fiscal agent for any Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component award, and shall be responsible for ensuring that each school district within that county receives the allocation prescribed by the Office of Emergency Services. Each county superintendent shall develop a countywide plan that complies with program guidelines and procedures established by the Office of Emergency Services pursuant to subdivision (d). A maximum of 5 percent of the county's allocation may be used for administrative costs associated with the project.

(2) Each county superintendent of schools shall establish and chair a local coordinating committee to assist the superintendent in developing and implementing a countywide implementation plan. This committee shall include the county drug administrator, law enforcement executives, school district governing board members and administrators, school faculty, parents, and drug prevention and intervention program executives selected by the superintendent and approved by the county board of supervisors.

(d) The Director of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Department of Health Care Services and the State Department of Education, shall prepare and issue guidelines and procedures for the Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component consistent with this section.

(e) The Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component guidelines shall set forth the terms and conditions upon which the Office of Emergency Services is prepared to award grants of funds pursuant to this section. The guidelines shall not constitute rules, regulations, orders, or standards of general application.

Police Use

Referrals to Law Enforcement

LAWS

EDC 32281.

(a) Each school district and county office of education is responsible for the overall development of all comprehensive school safety plans for its schools operating kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive.

(b)(1) Except as provided in subdivision (d) with regard to a small school district, the schoolsite council established pursuant to former Section 52012, as it existed before July 1, 2005, or Section 52852 shall write and develop a comprehensive school safety plan relevant to the needs and resources of that particular school.

(2) The schoolsite council may delegate this responsibility to a school safety planning committee made up of the following members:

(A) The principal or the principal's designee.

(B) One teacher who is a representative of the recognized certificated employee organization.

(C) One parent whose child attends the school.

(D) One classified employee who is a representative of the recognized classified employee organization.

(E) Other members, if desired.

(3) The schoolsite council shall consult with a representative from a law enforcement agency, a fire department, and other first responder entities in the writing and development of the comprehensive school safety plan. The comprehensive school safety plan and any updates to the plan shall be shared with the law enforcement agency, the fire department, and the other first responder entities.

(4) In the absence of a schoolsite council, the members specified in paragraph (2) shall serve as the school safety planning committee.

(c) This article does not limit or take away the authority of school boards as guaranteed under this code.

(d)(1) Subdivision (b) shall not apply to a small school district, as defined in paragraph (2), if the small school district develops a districtwide comprehensive school safety plan that is applicable to each schoolsite.

(2) As used in this article, "small school district" means a school district that has fewer than 2,501 units of average daily attendance at the beginning of each fiscal year.

(e)(1) When a principal or his or her designee verifies through local law enforcement officials that a report has been filed of the occurrence of a violent crime on the schoolsite of an elementary or secondary school at which he or she is the principal, the principal or the principal's designee may send to each pupil's parent or legal guardian and each school employee a written notice of the occurrence and general nature of the crime. If the principal or his or her designee chooses to send the written notice, the Legislature encourages the notice be sent no later than the end of business on the second regular workday after the verification. If, at the time of verification, local law enforcement officials determine that notification of the violent crime would hinder an ongoing investigation, the notification authorized by this subdivision shall be made within a reasonable period of time, to be determined by the local law enforcement agency and the school district. For purposes of this section, an act considered a "violent crime" shall meet the definition of Section 67381 and be an act for which a pupil could or would be expelled pursuant to Section 48915.

(2) This subdivision does not create any liability in a school district or its employees for complying with paragraph (1).

(f)(1) Notwithstanding subdivision (b), a school district or county office of education may, in consultation with law enforcement officials, elect to not have its schoolsite council develop and write those portions of its comprehensive school safety plan that include tactical responses to criminal incidents that may result in death or serious bodily injury at the schoolsite. The portions of a comprehensive school safety plan that include tactical responses to criminal incidents may be developed by administrators of the school district or county office of education in consultation with law enforcement officials and with a representative of an exclusive bargaining unit of employees of that school district or county office of education, if he or she chooses to participate. The school district or county office of education may elect not to disclose those portions of the comprehensive school safety plan that include tactical responses to criminal incidents.

(2) As used in this article, "tactical responses to criminal incidents" means steps taken to safeguard pupils and staff, to secure the affected school premises, and to apprehend the criminal perpetrator or perpetrators.

(3) This subdivision does not preclude the governing board of a school district or county office of education from conferring in a closed session with law enforcement officials pursuant to Section 54957 of the Government Code to approve a tactical response plan developed in consultation with those officials pursuant to this subdivision. Any vote to approve the tactical response plan shall be announced in open session following the closed session.

(4) This subdivision does not reduce or eliminate the requirements of Section 32282.

EDC 48240.

(a) The governing board of each school district and each county superintendent of schools shall appoint a supervisor of attendance and any assistant supervisors of attendance as may be necessary to supervise the attendance of pupils in the school district or county. The governing board of the school district or county superintendent of schools shall prescribe the duties of the supervisor of attendance and assistant supervisors of attendance to include, among other duties that may be required, those specific duties related to compulsory full-time education, truancy, work permits, compulsory continuation education, and opportunity schools, classes, and programs, now required of the attendance supervisors by this chapter and Article 4 (commencing with Section 48450) of Chapter 3 and Article 2 (commencing with Section 48640) of Chapter 4.

(b) It is the intent of the Legislature that in performing his or her duties, the supervisor of attendance promote a culture of attendance and establish a system to accurately track pupil attendance in order to achieve all of the following:

(1) Raise the awareness of school personnel, parents, guardians, caregivers, community partners, and local businesses of the effects of chronic absenteeism and truancy and other challenges associated with poor attendance.

(2) Identify and respond to grade level or pupil subgroup patterns of chronic absenteeism or truancy.

(3) Identify and address factors contributing to chronic absenteeism and habitual truancy, including suspension and expulsion.

(4) Ensure that pupils with attendance problems are identified as early as possible to provide applicable support services and interventions.

(5) Evaluate the effectiveness of strategies implemented to reduce chronic absenteeism rates and truancy rates.

(c) When a pupil with a temporary disability, as defined in Section 48206.3, is receiving individual instruction in the home or a hospital or other residential health facility, the supervisor of attendance shall ensure that absences from the pupil's regular school program are excused until the pupil is able to return to the regular school program.

(d) The supervisor of attendance may provide support services and interventions, which may include, but are not limited to, any or all of the following:

(1) A conference between school personnel, the pupil's parent or guardian, and the pupil.

(2) Promoting cocurricular and extracurricular activities that increase pupil connectedness to school, such as tutoring, mentoring, the arts, service learning, or athletics.

(3) Recognizing pupils who achieve excellent attendance or demonstrate significant improvement in attendance.

(4) Referral to a school nurse, school counselor, school psychologist, school social worker, and other pupil support personnel for case management and counseling.

(5) Collaboration with child welfare services, law enforcement, courts, public health care agencies, or government agencies, or medical, mental health, and oral health care providers to receive necessary services.

(6) Collaborating with school study teams, guidance teams, school attendance review teams, or other intervention-related teams to assess the attendance or behavior problem in partnership with the pupil and his or her parents, guardians, or caregivers.

(7) In schools with significantly higher rates of chronic absenteeism, identify barriers to attendance that may require schoolwide strategies rather than case management.

(8) Referral for a comprehensive psychosocial or psychoeducational assessment, including for purposes of creating an individualized education program for an individual with exceptional needs, as that term is defined in Section 56026, or plan adopted for a qualified handicapped person, as that term is defined in regulations promulgated by the United States Department of Education pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794).

(9) Referral to a school attendance review board established by the county or by a school district pursuant to Section 48321 or to the probation department pursuant to Section 48263.

(10) Referral to a truancy mediation program operated by the county's district attorney or probation officer pursuant to Section 48260.6.

EDC 48246.

The attendance supervisor, who is a full-time attendance supervisor performing no other duties, of any county, city and county, or school district in which any place of employment is situated, or the probation officer of the county, may at any time enter into any such place of employment for the purpose of examining permits to work or to employ of all minors employed in such place of employment, or for the purpose of investigating violations of the provisions of the Labor Code or of the provisions of this chapter, or Chapter 7 (commencing with Section 49100) of this part. If the attendance supervisor or probation officer is denied entrance to such place of employment, or if any violation of laws relating to the education of minors is found to exist, the attendance supervisor or probation officer shall report the denial of entrance or the violation to the Labor Commissioner. Such report shall be made within 48 hours and shall be in writing, setting forth the fact that he has good cause to believe that such laws are being violated in such place of employment and describing the nature of the violation.

EDC 48260.6.

(a) In any county which has not established a county school attendance review board pursuant to Section 48321, the school district may notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, of the county in which the school district is located, by first-class mail or other reasonable means, of the following if the district attorney or the probation officer has elected to participate in the truancy mediation program described in subdivision (d):

(1) The name of each pupil who has been classified as a truant.
(2) The name and address of the parent or guardian of each pupil who has been classified as a truant.

(b) The school district may also notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, as to whether the pupil continues to be classified as a truant after the parents have been notified pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 48260.5.

(c) In any county which has not established a county school attendance review board, the district attorney or the probation officer of the county in which the school district is located may notify the parents or guardians of every truant, by first-class mail or other reasonable means, that they may be subject to prosecution pursuant to Article 6 (commencing with Section 48290) of Chapter 2 of Part 27 for failure to compel the attendance of the pupil at school.

(d) If the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, are notified by a school district that a child continues to be classified as a truant after the parents or guardians have been notified pursuant to subdivision (a) of Section 48260.5, the district attorney or the probation officer in any county which has not established a county school attendance review board may request the parents or guardians and the child to attend a meeting in the district attorney's office or at the probation department pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code to discuss the possible legal consequences of the child's truancy. Notice of the meeting shall be given pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

EDC 48263.

(a) If a minor pupil in a school district of a county is a habitual truant, or is a chronic absentee, as defined in Section 60901, or is habitually insubordinate or disorderly during attendance at school, the pupil may be referred to a school attendance review board, or to the probation department for services if the probation department has elected to receive these referrals. The school district supervisor of attendance, or any other persons the governing board of the school district or county may designate, making the referral shall provide documentation of the interventions undertaken at the school to the pupil, the pupil's parents or guardians, and the school attendance review board or probation department and shall notify the pupil and parents or guardians of the pupil, in writing, of the name and address of the school attendance review board or probation department to which the matter has been referred and of the reason for the referral. The notice shall indicate that the pupil and parents or guardians of the pupil will be required, along with the referring person, to meet with the school attendance review board or probation officer to consider a proper disposition of the referral.

(b)(1) If the school attendance review board or probation officer determines that available community services can resolve the problem of the truant or insubordinate pupil, then the school attendance review board or probation officer shall direct the pupil or the pupil's parents or guardians, or both, to make use of those community services. The school attendance review board or probation officer may require, at any time that it determines proper, the pupil or parents or guardians of the pupil, or both, to furnish satisfactory evidence of participation in the available community services.

(2) If the school attendance review board or probation officer determines that available community services cannot resolve the problem of the truant or insubordinate pupil or if the pupil or the parents or guardians of the pupil, or both, have failed to respond to directives of the school attendance review board or probation officer or to services provided, the school attendance review board may, pursuant to Section 48263.5, notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, of the county in which the school district is located, or the probation officer may, pursuant to Section 48263.5, notify the district attorney, if the district attorney or the probation officer has elected to participate in the truancy mediation program described in that section.

(c) In any county that has not established a school attendance review board, if the school district determines that available community resources cannot resolve the problem of the truant or insubordinate pupil, or if the pupil or the pupil's parents or guardians, or both, have failed to respond to the directives of the school district or the services provided, the school district, pursuant to Section 48260.6, may notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, of the county in which the school district is located, if the district attorney or the probation officer has elected to participate in the truancy mediation program described in Section 48260.6.

EDC 48263.5.

(a) In any county which has established a county school attendance review board pursuant to Section 48321, the school attendance review board may notify the district attorney or the probation officer, or both, of the county in which the school district is located, or the probation officer may notify the district attorney, by first-class mail or other reasonable means, of the following if the district attorney or the probation officer has elected to participate in the truancy mediation program described in subdivision (b):

(1) The name of each pupil who has been classified as a truant and concerning whom the school attendance review board or the probation officer has determined:

(A) That available community services cannot resolve the truancy or insubordination problem.

(B) That the pupil or the parents or guardians of the pupil, or both, have failed to respond to directives of the school attendance review board or probation officer or to services provided.

(2) The name and address of the parent or guardian of each pupil described in paragraph (1).

(b) Upon receipt of notification provided pursuant to subdivision (a), the district attorney or the probation officer may notify the parents or guardians of each pupil concerning whom notification has been received, by first-class mail or other reasonable means, that they may be subject to prosecution pursuant to Article 6 (commencing with Section 48290) of Chapter 2 of Part 27 for failure to compel the attendance of the pupil at school. The district attorney or the probation officer may also request the parents or guardians and the child to attend a meeting in the district attorney's office or at the probation department pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code to discuss the possible legal consequences of the child's truancy. Notice of the meeting shall be given pursuant to Section 601.3 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

EDC 48267.

Any pupil who has been found to be a person described in Section 602 and as a condition of probation is required to attend a school program approved by a probation officer, who is reported as a truant from school one or more days or tardy on one or more days without valid excuse, in the same school year or in a succeeding year, shall be brought to the attention of the juvenile court and the pupil's probation or parole officer within 10 days of the reported violation.

Notwithstanding Section 827 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, written notice that a minor enrolled in a public school in any of grades 7 to 12, inclusive, has been found by a court to be a person described in Section 602 and as a condition of probation is required to attend a school program approved by a probation officer shall be provided by the juvenile court, within seven days of the entry of the dispositional order, to the superintendent of the school district of attendance, which information shall be expeditiously transmitted to the principal or to one person designated by the principal of the school that the minor is attending. The principal or the principal's designee shall not disclose this information to any other person except as otherwise required by law.

EDC 48269.

If the parent, guardian, or other person having control or charge of the pupil, within three days after the rendition of the judgment executes a bond to the governing board of the school district in the sum of two hundred dollars ($200), conditioned that the pupil will, during the remainder of the current school year, regularly attend a public or private school in the city, or city and county, or school district, the court may make an order suspending the execution of the judgment so long as the condition of the bond is complied with. The bond shall be filed with the secretary of the board of education, or clerk of the board of trustees. All money paid or collected on the bond shall be paid into the county treasury as provided in Section 41001.

EDC 48321.

(a)(1) A county school attendance review board may be established in each county. The county school attendance review board may accept referrals or requests for hearing services from one or more school districts within its jurisdiction pursuant to subdivision (f). A county school attendance review board may be operated through a consortium or partnership of a county with one or more school districts or between two or more counties.

(2) A county school attendance review board, if established, shall include, but need not be limited to, all of the following:

(A) A parent.
(B) A representative of school districts.
(C) A representative of the county probation department.
(D) A representative of the county welfare department.
(E) A representative of the county superintendent of schools.
(F) A representative of law enforcement agencies.
(G) A representative of community-based youth service centers.
(H) A representative of school guidance personnel.
(I) A representative of child welfare and attendance personnel.
(J) A representative of school or county health care personnel.
(K) A representative of school, county, or community mental health personnel.

(L) A representative of the county district attorney's office. If more than one county is represented in a county school attendance review board, a representative from each county's district attorney's office may be included.

(M) A representative of the county public defender's office. If more than one county is represented in a county school attendance review board, a representative from each county's public defender's office may be included.

(3) Notwithstanding paragraph (2), for purposes of conducting hearings, the chairperson of the county school attendance review board is authorized to determine the members needed at a hearing, based on the needs of the pupil, in order to address attendance or behavioral problems.

(4) The school district representatives on the county school attendance review board shall be nominated by the governing boards of school districts and shall be appointed by the county superintendent of schools. All other persons and group representatives shall be appointed by the county board of education.

(5)(A) If a county school attendance review board exists, the county superintendent of schools shall, at the beginning of each school year, convene a meeting of the county school attendance review board for purposes of adopting plans to promote interagency and community cooperation and to reduce the duplication of services provided to youth who have serious school attendance and behavior problems.

(B) Notwithstanding subparagraph (A), for purposes of conducting hearings, a county school attendance review board may meet as needed.

(b)(1) Local school attendance review boards may include, but need not be limited to, all of the following: (A) A parent.

(B) A representative of school districts.
(C) A representative of the county probation department. (D) A representative of the county welfare department.
(E) A representative of the county superintendent of schools.(F) A representative of law enforcement agencies.
(G) A representative of community-based youth service centers.
(H) A representative of school guidance personnel.
(I) A representative of child welfare and attendance personnel.
(J) A representative of school or county health care personnel.
(K) A representative of school, county, or community mental health personnel.

(L) A representative of the county district attorney's office. If more than one county is represented in a local school attendance review board, a representative from each county's district attorney's office may be included.

(M) A representative of the county public defender's office. If more than one county is represented in a county school attendance review board, a representative from each county's public defender's office may be included.

(2) Other persons or group representatives shall be appointed by the county board of education.

(c) A county school attendance review board may elect, pursuant to regulations adopted pursuant to Section 48324, one member as chairperson with responsibility for coordinating services of the county school attendance review board.

(d) A county school attendance review board may provide for the establishment of local school attendance review boards in any number as shall be necessary to carry out the intent of this article.

(e) In any county in which there is no county school attendance review board the governing board of a school district may elect to establish a local school attendance review board, which shall operate in the same manner and have the same authority as a county school attendance review board.

(f) A county school attendance review board may provide guidance to local school attendance review boards.

(g) If the county school attendance review board determines that the needs of pupils, as defined in this article, can best be served by a single board, the county school attendance review board may then serve as the school attendance review board for all pupils in the county, or, upon the request of any school district in the county, the county school attendance review board may serve as the school attendance review board for pupils of that school district.

(h) This article is not intended to prohibit an agreement on the part of counties to provide these services on a regional basis.

EDC 48321.5.

(a) In every case in which a minor pupil has been referred to it under Section 48263, each county or local school attendance review board may, for the purpose of making a proper disposition of the referral, issue subpoenas pursuant to the procedures provided in Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 1985) of Title 3 of Part 4 of the Code of Civil Procedure and subject to subdivision (f), or may request the juvenile court having jurisdiction to issue subpoenas, requiring the production of pertinent or material written information or the attendance of any of the following persons:

(1) The minor.
(2) The minor's parents, guardians, or other person having control of the minor.
(3) The school authority referring the minor.
(4) Any other person who has pertinent or material information concerning the matter.

(b) The juvenile court may issue subpoenas requiring the attendance of witnesses or the production of pertinent or material written information, subject to Section 1985 of the Code of Civil Procedure.

(c) Enforcement of a subpoena issued by a county or local school attendance review board is within the jurisdiction of the juvenile court. The juvenile court does not have jurisdiction to order detention in any secure facility or other confinement for failure to comply with a subpoena issued pursuant to this section.

(d) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize a county or local school attendance review board to issue a subpoena for the production of written materials or the attendance of any person except as specifically provided in subdivision (a) with respect to the limited purpose of making a proper disposition of the referral of a minor pupil made pursuant to Section 48263.

(e) Nothing in this section shall be construed to authorize a county or local school attendance review board to issue a subpoena or request a subpoena to be issued for the production of written materials or the attendance of any person if it is verified that the minor pupil is enrolled and in regular attendance in a private school maintaining kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, that has filed an affidavit pursuant to Sections 33190 and 48222 of the Education Code.

(f) A county or local school attendance review board shall not issue a subpoena that includes a request for production of written materials, but may request a juvenile court having jurisdiction to issue a subpoena for production of written materials pursuant to subdivision (a).

EDC 48340.

In enacting this article it is the intent of the Legislature to encourage school districts and county offices of education maintaining any classes in kindergarten and grades 1 to 12, inclusive, to adopt pupil attendance policies based on the active involvement of parents, pupils, teachers, administrators, other personnel, and community members which include proposals and procedures for the following:

(a) Notifying parents of pupil absences, including notification of parents on the day of each absence. (b) Increasing parent and pupil awareness of the importance of regular pupil attendance.
(c) Auditing and accountability of pupil attendance.
(d) Staff development for certificated and classified personnel.

(e) Alternative learning programs designed to respond to the different ways pupils learn, such as independent study.

(f) Joint efforts between law enforcement and schools, such as school level attendance review teams and periodic efforts to return truant pupils to school.

EDC 48645.

The purpose of this article is to provide for the administration and operation of public schools in juvenile halls, juvenile homes, day centers, juvenile ranches, juvenile camps, regional youth educational facilities, or Orange County youth correctional centers in existence and providing services prior to the effective date of the amendments to this section made by the Statutes of 1989, established pursuant to Article 23 (commencing with Section 850), Article 24 (commencing with Section 880), Article 24.5 (commencing with Section 894) of Chapter 2 of Division 2, or Article 9 (commencing with Section 1850) of Chapter 1 of Division 2.5, of the Welfare and Institutions Code or in any group home housing 25 or more children placed pursuant to Sections 362, 727, and 730, of the Welfare and Institutions Code or in any group home housing 25 or more children and operating one or more additional sites under a central administration for children placed pursuant to Section 362, 727, or 730 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, with acceptable school structures at one or more centrally located sites to serve the single or composite populations, and to provide the juvenile court school pupils therein detained with quality education and training.

Nothing in this section shall be construed as indicating that it is the intent of the Legislature to prevent juvenile court school pupils who are housed in group homes from enrolling in regular public schools, or that it is the intent of the Legislature to transfer the responsibility for any costs associated with the operation of group homes to the counties.

The Orange County Office of Education shall only provide educational services in youth correctional centers for individuals up to 19 years of age.

EDC 48645.2.

The county board of education shall provide for the administration and operation of juvenile court schools established pursuant to Section 48645.1:

(a) By the county superintendent of schools, provided that, in any county in which the board of supervisors is establishing or maintaining juvenile court schools on January 1, 1978, the county superintendent of schools may contract with the board of supervisors for the administration and operation of such schools if agreed upon between the board of education and the board of supervisors. In any event, the county superintendent of schools may contract with other educational agencies for supporting services to the same extent that school districts may contract with other such agencies.

(b) By contract with the respective governing boards of the elementary, high school, or unified school district in which the juvenile court school is located.

EDC 48645.3.

(a) Juvenile court schools shall be conducted in a manner as shall be prescribed by the county board of education to best accomplish the provisions of Section 48645. The minimum schoolday shall be 240 minutes. Minimum schooldays shall be calculated on the basis of the average number of minutes of attendance during not more than 10 consecutive days in which classes are conducted. The minimum schoolday for pupils in attendance in approved vocational education programs, work programs prescribed by the probation department pursuant to Section 883 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, and work experience programs shall be 180 minutes, which shall be calculated on the basis of the average number of minutes of attendance during not more than 10 consecutive days in which classes are conducted. The county board of education shall adopt and enforce a course of study and evaluate its program in accordance with Sections 51040, 51041, 51050, and 51054 and the provisions of Article 1 (commencing with Section 51200) to Article 3 (commencing with Section 51220), inclusive, of Chapter 2 of Part 28, except subdivision (c) of Section 51220.

(b) Juvenile court schools shall not be closed on any weekday of the calendar year, except those weekdays adopted by the county board of education as school holidays or set aside by the county board of education for inservice purposes. However, the county board of education may close juvenile court schools when it deems the closing is necessary to accommodate contingencies.

(c)(1) The county board of education may adopt and enforce a course of study that enhances instruction in mathematics and English language arts for pupils attending juvenile court schools, as determined by statewide assessments or objective local evaluations and assessments as approved by the county superintendent of schools.

(2) The enhanced course of study adopted pursuant to paragraph (1) shall meet the standards adopted pursuant to Section 60605.8, as appropriate, and shall be tailored to meet the needs of the individual pupil to increase the pupil's academic literacy and reading fluency.

(d) It is the intent of the Legislature that pupils in juvenile court schools have a rigorous curriculum that includes a course of study preparing them for high school graduation and career entry and fulfilling the requirements for admission to the University of California and the California State University.

EDC 48645.5.

(a) Each public school district and county office of education shall accept for credit full or partial coursework satisfactorily completed by a pupil while attending a public school, juvenile court school, or nonpublic, nonsectarian school or agency. The coursework shall be transferred by means of the standard state transcript. If a pupil completes the graduation requirements of his or her school district of residence while being detained, the school district of residence shall issue to the pupil a diploma from the school the pupil last attended before detention or, in the alternative, the county superintendent of schools may issue the diploma.

(b) A pupil shall not be denied enrollment or readmission to a public school solely on the basis that he or she has had contact with the juvenile justice system, including, but not limited to:

(1) Arrest.
(2) Adjudication by a juvenile court.
(3) Formal or informal supervision by a probation officer.
(4) Detention for any length of time in a juvenile facility or enrollment in a juvenile court school.

(c) Pursuant to subparagraph (B) of paragraph (8) of subdivision (f) of Section 48853.5, a pupil who has had contact with the juvenile justice system shall be immediately enrolled in a public school.

(d) If a pupil completes the statewide coursework requirements for graduation specified in Section 51225.3 while attending a juvenile court school, the county office of education shall issue to the pupil a diploma of graduation and shall not require the pupil to complete coursework or other requirements that are in addition to the statewide coursework requirements.

EDC 48646.

(a) The Legislature encourages each county superintendent of schools or governing board of a school district, as determined by the county board of education pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 48645.2, and the county chief probation officer to enter into a memorandum of understanding or equivalent mutual agreement to support a collaborative process for meeting the needs of wards of the court who are receiving their education in juvenile court schools. The memorandum of understanding or equivalent mutual agreement may include, but is not limited to, a process for communication, decisionmaking, mutually established goals, and conflict resolution. The purpose of this memorandum of understanding or equivalent mutual agreement is to develop a collaborative model that will foster an educational and residential environment that nurtures the whole child and consistently supports services that will meet the educational needs of the pupils.

(b) A memorandum of understanding or equivalent mutual agreement on providing educational and related services for juvenile court school pupils developed in accordance with this section may include, but is not limited to, the following provisions:

(1) Mutually developed goals and objectives that are reviewed annually, including, but not limited to, the following:

(A) Building resiliency and strengthening life skills.
(B) Fostering prosocial attitudes and behaviors.
(C) Assigning pupils to appropriate classrooms based on their educational needs. (D) Ensuring regular classroom attendance.
(E) Providing clean, safe, and appropriate educational facilities.
(F) Improving academic achievement and vocational preparation.

(2) Clear delineation of responsibilities among the educational and residential or custodial service providers.

(3) A process for communicating, collaborating, and resolving conflicts. Whenever possible, resolution of issues shall be reached by consensus through a collaborative process that would promote decisionmaking at the site where services are delivered. A working group charged with this responsibility may be appointed by the county superintendent of schools, or the superintendent of the school district with responsibility for providing juvenile court school services, and the county chief probation officer, or their designees. The working group is responsible for establishing and maintaining open communication, collaboration, and resolution of issues that arise.

(4) A clearly identified mechanism for resolving conflicts.
(5) A joint process for performing an intake evaluation for each ward to determine educational needs and ability to participate in all educational settings once the ward enters the local juvenile facility. The process shall recognize the limitations on academic evaluation and planning that can result from short- term placements. The evaluation team shall include staff from the responsible educational agency and the county probation department, and may include other participants as appropriate, and as mutually agreed upon by the education and probation members of the team. The evaluation process specified in the memorandum of understanding or equivalent mutual agreement may:

(A) Include a timeline for evaluation once a ward is assigned to a local facility.

(B) Result in an educational plan for a ward while assigned to a local juvenile facility that is integrated with other rehabilitative and behavioral management programs, and that supports the educational needs of the pupil.

It is the intent that this shared information about each ward placed in a juvenile court school shall assist both the county superintendent of schools and the county chief probation officer in meeting the needs of wards in their care and promoting a system of comprehensive services.

(c) The memorandum of understanding or equivalent mutual agreement shall not cede responsibility or authority prescribed by statute or regulation from one party to another party unless mutually agreed upon by both parties.

EDC 48647.

(a) Local educational agencies are strongly encouraged to enter into memoranda of understanding and create joint policies, systems, including data sharing systems, transition centers, and other joint structures that will allow for the immediate transfer of educational records, create uniform systems for calculating and awarding course credit, and allow for the immediate enrollment of pupils transferring from juvenile court schools.

(b) As part of their existing responsibilities for coordinating education and services for youth in the juvenile justice system, the county office of education and county probation department shall have a joint transition planning policy that includes collaboration with relevant local educational agencies to improve communication regarding dates of release and the educational needs of pupils who have had contact with the juvenile justice system, to coordinate immediate school placement and enrollment, and to ensure that probation officers in the community have the information they need to support the return of pupils who are being transferred from juvenile court schools to public schools in their communities.

(c) As part of the joint transition planning policy required under subdivision (b), the county office of education shall assign transition oversight responsibilities to existing county office of education personnel who will work in collaboration with the county probation department, as needed, and relevant local educational agencies to ensure all of the following:

(1) The transfer of complete and accurate education records, including the pupil's individualized education program adopted pursuant to the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.) and the pupil's plan adopted pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794(a)), if applicable, within 72 hours of the pupil's release from the juvenile detention facility.

(2) Access to information about postsecondary academic and vocational opportunities, including college financial aid programs.

(3) The implementation of the pupil's transition plan, if one exists.

(d) As part of the joint transition planning policy required under subdivision (b), the county office of education personnel assigned transition oversight responsibilities shall work in collaboration with the county probation department, as needed, and relevant local educational agencies to facilitate all of the following:

(1) The immediate enrollment in an appropriate public school in their community when a pupil is transferred from the juvenile court school.

(2) The acceptance, upon enrollment by the pupil in a public school, of course credits, including partial credits, for coursework completed in the juvenile court school, pursuant to subdivision (b) of Section 51225.2.

(3) The immediate placement in appropriate courses, based on coursework completed by the pupil, pursuant to subdivision (d) of Section 51225.2.

(4) The transfer of complete and accurate education records, including the pupil's individualized education program adopted pursuant to the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.) and the pupil's plan adopted pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794(a)), if applicable, when a pupil enters the juvenile court school.

(e) Each pupil detained for more than 20 consecutive schooldays shall have an individualized transition plan developed by the county office of education in collaboration with the county probation department, as needed. The individualized transition plan shall be developed before the pupil's release and reviewed and revised as needed, and shall address, but not be limited to, both of the following:

(1) The academic, behavioral, social-emotional, and career needs of the pupil.

(2) The identification and engagement of programs, including higher education programs, services, and individuals to support a pupil's successful transition into and out of the juvenile detention facility.

(f) Each pupil detained for more than 20 consecutive schooldays shall have all of the following accessible to the holder of the educational rights for that pupil upon the pupil's release from the juvenile detention facility:

(1) School transcripts.

(2) The pupil's individualized learning plan, if applicable. For purposes of this section, an individualized learning plan is a plan developed collaboratively by a pupil and school personnel that identifies academic and career goals and how the pupil will progress toward meeting those goals.

(3) The pupil's individualized education program adopted pursuant to the federal Individuals with Disabilities Education Act (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1400 et seq.), if applicable.

(4) The pupil's plan adopted pursuant to Section 504 of the federal Rehabilitation Act of 1973 (29 U.S.C. Sec. 794(a)), if applicable.

(5) Any academic and vocational assessments.
(6) An analysis of credits completed and needed. (7) Any certificates or diplomas earned by the pupil.

(g) For each pupil detained for 20 consecutive schooldays or fewer, a copy of the pupil's individualized learning plan, if one exists, shall be made available by the county office of education to the pupil upon the pupil's release, if possible.

(h) The county office of education, in collaboration, as needed, with the county probation department, shall establish procedures for the timely, accurate, complete, and confidential transfer of educational records in compliance with state and federal law.

(i) Notwithstanding any other law, this section applies to juvenile court schools that are operated by, or as, charter schools. As used in this section, "county office of education" includes a charter school that serves juvenile court school pupils.

EDC 48902.

(a) The principal of a school or the principal's designee shall, before the suspension or expulsion of any pupil, notify the appropriate law enforcement authorities of the county or city in which the school is situated, of any acts of the pupil that may violate Section 245 of the Penal Code.

(b) The principal of a school or the principal's designee shall, within one schoolday after suspension or expulsion of any pupil, notify, by telephone or any other appropriate method chosen by the school, the appropriate law enforcement authorities of the county or the school district in which the school is situated of any acts of the pupil that may violate subdivision (c) or (d) of Section 48900.

(c) Notwithstanding subdivision (b), the principal of a school or the principal's designee shall notify the appropriate law enforcement authorities of the county or city in which the school is located of any acts of a pupil that may involve the possession or sale of narcotics or of a controlled substance or a violation of Section 626.9 or 626.10 of the Penal Code. The principal of a school or the principal's designee shall report any act specified in paragraph (1) or (5) of subdivision (c) of Section 48915 committed by a pupil or nonpupil on a schoolsite to the city police or county sheriff with jurisdiction over the school and the school security department or the school police department, as applicable.

(d) A principal, the principal's designee, or any other person reporting a known or suspected act described in subdivision (a) or (b) is not civilly or criminally liable as a result of making any report authorized by this article unless it can be proven that a false report was made and that the person knew the report was false or the report was made with reckless disregard for the truth or falsity of the report.

(e) The principal of a school or the principal's designee reporting a criminal act committed by a schoolage individual with exceptional needs, as defined in Section 56026, shall ensure that copies of the special education and disciplinary records of the pupil are transmitted, as described in Section 1415(k)(6) of Title 20 of the United States Code, for consideration by the appropriate authorities to whom he or she reports the criminal act. Any copies of the pupil's special education and disciplinary records may be transmitted only to the extent permissible under the federal Family Educational Rights and Privacy Act of 1974 (20 U.S.C. Sec. 1232g et seq.).

EDC 48905.

An employee of a school district whose person or property is injured or damaged by the willful misconduct of a pupil who attends school in such district, when the employee or the employee's property is (1) located on property owned by the district, (2) being transported to or from an activity sponsored by the district or a school within the district, (3) present at an activity sponsored by such district or school, or (4) otherwise injured or damaged in retaliation for acts lawfully undertaken by the employee in execution of the employee's duties, may request the school district to pursue legal action against the pupil who caused the injury or damage, or the pupil's parent or guardian pursuant to Section 48904.

EDC 48909.

When a petition is requested in juvenile court or a complaint is filed in any court alleging that a minor of compulsory school attendance age or any pupil currently enrolled in a public school in a grade to and including grade 12 is a person who (a) has used, sold, or possessed narcotics or other hallucinogenic drugs or substances; (b) has inhaled or breathed the fumes of, or ingested any poison classified as such in Section 4160 of the Business and Professions Code; or (c) has committed felonious assault, homicide, or rape the district attorney may, within 48 hours, provide written notice to the superintendent of the school district of attendance, notwithstanding the provisions of Section 827 of the Welfare and Institutions Code, and to the pupil's parent or guardian.

EDC 48918.1.

(a)(1) If the decision to recommend expulsion is a discretionary act and the pupil is a foster child, as defined in Section 48853.5, the governing board of the school district shall provide notice of the expulsion hearing to the pupil's attorney and an appropriate representative of the county child welfare agency at least 10 calendar days before the date of the hearing. The notice may be made using the most cost- effective method possible, which may include, but is not limited to, electronic mail or a telephone call.

(2) If a recommendation of expulsion is required and the pupil is a foster child, as defined in Section 48853.5, the governing board of the school district may provide notice of the expulsion hearing to the pupil's attorney and an appropriate representative of the county child welfare agency at least 10 calendar days before the date of the hearing. The notice may be made using the most cost-effective method possible, which may include, but is not limited to, electronic mail or a telephone call.

(b)(1) If the decision to recommend expulsion is a discretionary act and the pupil is a homeless child or youth, as defined in Section 11434a(2) of Title 42 of the United States Code, the governing board of the school district shall provide notice of the expulsion hearing to the local educational agency liaison for homeless children and youth designated pursuant to Section 11432(g)(1)(J)(ii) of Title 42 of the United States Code at least 10 calendar days before the date of the hearing. The notice may be made using the most cost-effective method possible, which may include, but is not limited to, electronic mail or a telephone call.

(2) If a recommendation of expulsion is required and the pupil is a homeless child or youth, as defined in Section 11434a(2) of Title 42 of the United States Code, the governing board of the school district may provide notice of the expulsion hearing to the local educational agency liaison for homeless children and youth designated pursuant to Section 11432(g)(1)(J)(ii) of Title 42 of the United States Code at least 10 calendar days before the date of the hearing. The notice may be made using the most cost-effective method possible, which may include, but is not limited to, electronic mail or a telephone call.

PEN 270.1.

(a) A parent or guardian of a pupil of six years of age or more who is in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 8, inclusive, and who is subject to compulsory full-time education or compulsory continuation education, whose child is a chronic truant as defined in Section 48263.6 of the Education Code, who has failed to reasonably supervise and encourage the pupil's school attendance, and who has been offered language accessible support services to address the pupil's truancy, is guilty of a misdemeanor punishable by a fine not exceeding two thousand dollars ($2,000), or by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by both that fine and imprisonment. A parent or guardian guilty of a misdemeanor under this subdivision may participate in the deferred entry of judgment program defined in subdivision (b).

(b) A superior court may establish a deferred entry of judgment program that includes the components listed in paragraphs (1) to (7), inclusive, to adjudicate cases involving parents or guardians of elementary school pupils who are chronic truants as defined in Section 48263.6 of the Education Code:

(1) A dedicated court calendar.
(2) Leadership by a judge of the superior court in that county.

(3) Meetings, scheduled and held periodically, with school district representatives designated by the chronic truant's school district of enrollment. Those representatives may include school psychologists, school counselors, teachers, school administrators, or other educational service providers deemed appropriate by the school district.

(4) Service referrals for parents or guardians, as appropriate to each case that may include, but are not limited to, all of the following:

(A) Case management.
(B) Mental and physical health services. (C) Parenting classes and support.
(D) Substance abuse treatment.
(E) Child care and housing.

(5) A clear statement that, in lieu of trial, the court may grant deferred entry of judgment with respect to the current crime or crimes charged if the defendant pleads guilty to each charge and waives time for the pronouncement of judgment and that, upon the defendant's compliance with the terms and conditions set forth by the court and agreed to by the defendant upon the entry of his or her plea, and upon the motion of the prosecuting attorney, the court will dismiss the charge or charges against the defendant and the same procedures specified for successful completion of a drug diversion program or a deferred entry of judgment program pursuant to Section 851.90 and the provisions of Section 1203.4 shall apply.

(6) A clear statement that failure to comply with any condition under the program may result in the prosecuting attorney or the court making a motion for entry of judgment, whereupon the court will render a finding of guilty to the charge or charges pled, enter judgment, and schedule a sentencing hearing as otherwise provided in this code.

(7) An explanation of criminal record retention and disposition resulting from participation in the deferred entry of judgment program and the defendant's rights relative to answering questions about his or her arrest and deferred entry of judgment following successful completion of the program.

(c) Funding for the deferred entry of judgment program pursuant to this section shall be derived solely from nonstate sources.

(d) A parent or guardian of an elementary school pupil who is a chronic truant, as defined in Section 48263.6 of the Education Code, may not be punished for a violation of both this section and the provisions of Section 272 that involve criminal liability for parents and guardians of truant children.

(e) If any district attorney chooses to charge a defendant with a violation of subdivision (a) and the defendant is found by the prosecuting attorney to be eligible or ineligible for deferred entry of judgment, the prosecuting attorney shall file with the court a declaration in writing, or state for the record, the grounds upon which that determination is based.

PEN 626.9.

(a) This section shall be known, and may be cited, as the Gun-Free School Zone Act of 1995.

(b) Any person who possesses a firearm in a place that the person knows, or reasonably should know, is a school zone, as defined in paragraph (4) of subdivision (e), shall be punished as specified in subdivision (f).

(c) Subdivision (b) does not apply to the possession of a firearm under any of the following circumstances:

(1) Within a place of residence or place of business or on private property, if the place of residence, place of business, or private property is not part of the school grounds and the possession of the firearm is otherwise lawful.

When the firearm is an unloaded pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed on the person and is in a locked container or within the locked trunk of a motor vehicle.

(2) When the firearm is an unloaded pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed on the person and is in a locked container or within the locked trunk of a motor vehicle.

(3) When the person possessing the firearm reasonably believes that he or she is in grave danger because of circumstances forming the basis of a current restraining order issued by a court against another person or persons who has or have been found to pose a threat to his or her life or safety. This subdivision does not apply when the circumstances involve a mutual restraining order issued pursuant to Division 10 (commencing with Section 6200) of the Family Code absent a factual finding of a specific threat to the person's life or safety. Upon a trial for violating subdivision (b), the trier of a fact shall determine whether the defendant was acting out of a reasonable belief that he or she was in grave danger.

(4) When the person is exempt from the prohibition against carrying a concealed firearm pursuant to Section 25615, 25625, 25630, or 25645.

(5) When the person holds a valid license to carry the firearm pursuant to Chapter 4 (commencing with Section 26150) of Division 5 of Title 4 of Part 6, who is carrying that firearm in an area that is not in, or on the grounds of, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, but within a distance of 1,000 feet from the grounds of the public or private school.

(d) Except as provided in subdivision (b), it shall be unlawful for any person, with reckless disregard for the safety of another, to discharge, or attempt to discharge, a firearm in a school zone, as defined in paragraph (4) of subdivision (e).

The prohibition contained in this subdivision does not apply to the discharge of a firearm to the extent that the conditions of paragraph (1) of subdivision (c) are satisfied.

(e) As used in this section, the following definitions shall apply:
(1) "Concealed firearm" has the same meaning as that term is given in Sections 25400 and 25610.

(2) "Firearm" has the same meaning as that term is given in subdivisions (a) to (d), inclusive, of Section 16520.

(3) "Locked container" has the same meaning as that term is given in Section 16850.

(4) "School zone" means an area in, or on the grounds of, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, or within a distance of 1,000 feet from the grounds of the public or private school.

(f)(1) A person who violates subdivision (b) by possessing a firearm in, or on the grounds of, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or five years.

(2) A person who violates subdivision (b) by possessing a firearm within a distance of 1,000 feet from the grounds of a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or grades 1 to 12, inclusive, shall be punished as follows:

(A) By imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or five years, if any of the following circumstances apply:

(i) If the person previously has been convicted of any felony, or of any crime made punishable by any provision listed in Section 16580.

(ii) If the person is within a class of persons prohibited from possessing or acquiring a firearm pursuant to Chapter 2 (commencing with Section 29800) or Chapter 3 (commencing with Section 29900) of Division 9 of Title 4 of Part 6 of this code or Section 8100 or 8103 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

(iii) If the firearm is any pistol, revolver, or other firearm capable of being concealed upon the person and the offense is punished as a felony pursuant to Section 25400.

(B) By imprisonment in a county jail for not more than one year or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or five years, in all cases other than those specified in subparagraph (A).

(3) A person who violates subdivision (d) shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for three, five, or seven years.

(g)(1) A person convicted under this section for a misdemeanor violation of subdivision (b) who has been convicted previously of a misdemeanor offense enumerated in Section 23515 shall be punished by imprisonment in a county jail for not less than three months, or if probation is granted or if the execution or imposition of sentence is suspended, it shall be a condition thereof that he or she be imprisoned in a county jail for not less than three months.

(2) A person convicted under this section of a felony violation of subdivision (b) or (d) who has been convicted previously of a misdemeanor offense enumerated in Section 23515, if probation is granted or if the execution of sentence is suspended, it shall be a condition thereof that he or she be imprisoned in a county jail for not less than three months.

(3) A person convicted under this section for a felony violation of subdivision (b) or (d) who has been convicted previously of any felony, or of any crime made punishable by any provision listed in Section 16580, if probation is granted or if the execution or imposition of sentence is suspended, it shall be a condition thereof that he or she be imprisoned in a county jail for not less than three months.

(4) The court shall apply the three-month minimum sentence specified in this subdivision, except in unusual cases where the interests of justice would best be served by granting probation or suspending the execution or imposition of sentence without the minimum imprisonment required in this subdivision or by granting probation or suspending the execution or imposition of sentence with conditions other than those set forth in this subdivision, in which case the court shall specify on the record and shall enter on the minutes the circumstances indicating that the interests of justice would best be served by this disposition.

(h) Notwithstanding Section 25605, any person who brings or possesses a loaded firearm upon the grounds of a campus of, or buildings owned or operated for student housing, teaching, research, or administration by, a public or private university or college, that are contiguous or are clearly marked university property, unless it is with the written permission of the university or college president, his or her designee, or equivalent university or college authority, shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for two, three, or four years. Notwithstanding subdivision (k), a university or college shall post a prominent notice at primary entrances on noncontiguous property stating that firearms are prohibited on that property pursuant to this subdivision.

(i) Notwithstanding Section 25605, any person who brings or possesses a firearm upon the grounds of a campus of, or buildings owned or operated for student housing, teaching, research, or administration by, a public or private university or college, that are contiguous or are clearly marked university property, unless it is with the written permission of the university or college president, his or her designee, or equivalent university or college authority, shall be punished by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170 for one, two, or three years. Notwithstanding subdivision (k), a university or college shall post a prominent notice at primary entrances on noncontiguous property stating that firearms are prohibited on that property pursuant to this subdivision.

(j) For purposes of this section, a firearm shall be deemed to be loaded when there is an unexpended cartridge or shell, consisting of a case that holds a charge of powder and a bullet or shot, in, or attached in any manner to, the firearm, including, but not limited to, in the firing chamber, magazine, or clip thereof attached to the firearm. A muzzle-loader firearm shall be deemed to be loaded when it is capped or primed and has a powder charge and ball or shot in the barrel or cylinder.

(k) This section does not require that notice be posted regarding the proscribed conduct.

(l) This section does not apply to a duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, a full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in California, any person summoned by any of these officers to assist in making arrests or preserving the peace while he or she is actually engaged in assisting the officer, a member of the military forces of this state or of the United States who is engaged in the performance of his or her duties, or an armored vehicle guard, engaged in the performance of his or her duties, as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 7582.1 of the Business and Professions Code.

(m) This section does not apply to a security guard authorized to carry a loaded firearm pursuant to Article 4 (commencing with Section 26000) of Chapter 3 of Division 5 of Title 4 of Part 6.

(n) This section does not apply to an existing shooting range at a public or private school or university or college campus.

(o) This section does not apply to an honorably retired peace officer authorized to carry a concealed or loaded firearm pursuant to any of the following:

(1) Article 2 (commencing with Section 25450) of Chapter 2 of Division 5 of Title 4 of Part 6. (2) Section 25650.
(3) Sections 25900 to 25910, inclusive.
(4) Section 26020.

(5) Paragraph (2) of subdivision (c) of Section 26300. 

(p) This section does not apply to a peace officer appointed pursuant to Section 830.6 who is authorized to carry a firearm by the appointing agency.

(q)(1) This section does not apply to the activities of a program involving shooting sports or activities, including, but not limited to, trap shooting, skeet shooting, sporting clays, and pistol shooting, that are sanctioned by a school, school district, college, university, or other governing body of the institution, that occur on the grounds of a public or private school or university or college campus.

(2) This section does not apply to the activities of a state-certified hunter education program pursuant to Section 3051 of the Fish and Game Code if all firearms are unloaded and participants do not possess live ammunition in a school building.

PEN 626.10.

(a)(1) Any person, except a duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, a full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in this state, a person summoned by any officer to assist in making arrests or preserving the peace while the person is actually engaged in assisting any officer, or a member of the military forces of this state or the United States who is engaged in the performance of his or her duties, who brings or possesses any dirk, dagger, ice pick, knife having a blade longer than 21⁄2 inches, folding knife with a blade that locks into place, razor with an unguarded blade, taser, or stun gun, as defined in subdivision (a) of Section 244.5, any instrument that expels a metallic projectile, such as a BB or a pellet, through the force of air pressure, CO2 pressure, or spring action, or any spot marker gun, upon the grounds of, or within, any public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, is guilty of a public offense, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170.

(2) Any person, except a duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, a full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in this state, a person summoned by any officer to assist in making arrests or preserving the peace while the person is actually engaged in assisting any officer, or a member of the military forces of this state or the United States who is engaged in the performance of his or her duties, who brings or possesses a razor blade or a box cutter upon the grounds of, or within, any public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, is guilty of a public offense, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year.

(b) Any person, except a duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2, a full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in this state, a person summoned by any officer to assist in making arrests or preserving the peace while the person is actually engaged in assisting any officer, or a member of the military forces of this state or the United States who is engaged in the performance of his or her duties, who brings or possesses any dirk, dagger, ice pick, or knife having a fixed blade longer than 21⁄2 inches upon the grounds of, or within, any private university, the University of California, the California State University, or the California Community Colleges is guilty of a public offense, punishable by imprisonment in a county jail not exceeding one year, or by imprisonment pursuant to subdivision (h) of Section 1170.

(c) Subdivisions (a) and (b) do not apply to any person who brings or possesses a knife having a blade longer than 21⁄2 inches, a razor with an unguarded blade, a razor blade, or a box cutter upon the grounds of, or within, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, or any private university, state university, or community college at the direction of a faculty member of the private university, state university, or community college, or a certificated or classified employee of the school for use in a private university, state university, community college, or school- sponsored activity or class.

(d) Subdivisions (a) and (b) do not apply to any person who brings or possesses an ice pick, a knife having a blade longer than 21⁄2 inches, a razor with an unguarded blade, a razor blade, or a box cutter upon the grounds of, or within, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, or any private university, state university, or community college for a lawful purpose within the scope of the person's employment.

(e) Subdivision (b) does not apply to any person who brings or possesses an ice pick or a knife having a fixed blade longer than 21⁄2 inches upon the grounds of, or within, any private university, state university, or community college for lawful use in or around a residence or residential facility located upon those grounds or for lawful use in food preparation or consumption.

(f) Subdivision (a) does not apply to any person who brings an instrument that expels a metallic projectile, such as a BB or a pellet, through the force of air pressure, CO2 pressure, or spring action, or any spot marker gun, or any razor blade or box cutter upon the grounds of, or within, a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, if the person has the written permission of the school principal or his or her designee.

(g) Any certificated or classified employee or school peace officer of a public or private school providing instruction in kindergarten or any of grades 1 to 12, inclusive, may seize any of the weapons described in subdivision (a), and any certificated or classified employee or school peace officer of any private university, state university, or community college may seize any of the weapons described in subdivision (b), from the possession of any person upon the grounds of, or within, the school if he or she knows, or has reasonable cause to know, the person is prohibited from bringing or possessing the weapon upon the grounds of, or within, the school.

PEN 626.85.

(a) Any specified drug offender who, at any time, comes into any school building or upon any school ground, or adjacent street, sidewalk, or public way, unless the person is a parent or guardian of a child attending that school and his or her presence is during any school activity, or is a student at the school and his or her presence is during any school activity, or has prior written permission for the entry from the chief administrative officer of that school, is guilty of a misdemeanor if he or she does any of the following:

(1) Remains there after being asked to leave by the chief administrative officer of that school or his or her designated representative, or by a person employed as a member of a security or police department of a school district pursuant to Section 39670 of the Education Code, or a city police officer, sheriff, or a Department of the California Highway Patrol peace officer.

(2) Reenters or comes upon that place within seven days of being asked to leave by a person specified in paragraph (1) of subdivision (a).

(3) Has otherwise established a continued pattern of unauthorized entry.

This section shall not be utilized to impinge upon the lawful exercise of constitutionally protected rights of freedom of speech or assembly, or to prohibit any lawful act, including picketing, strikes, or collective bargaining.

(b) Punishment for violation of this section shall be as follows:

(1) Upon a first conviction, by a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), by imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not more than six months, or by both that fine and imprisonment.

(2) If the defendant has been previously convicted once of a violation of any offense defined in this chapter or Section 415.5, by imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not less than 10 days or more than six months, or by both imprisonment and a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), and the defendant shall not be released on probation, parole, or any other basis until he or she has served not less than 10 days.

(3) If the defendant has been previously convicted two or more times of a violation of any offense defined in this chapter or Section 415.5, by imprisonment in the county jail for a period of not less than 90 days or more than six months, or by both imprisonment and a fine not exceeding one thousand dollars ($1,000), and the defendant shall not be released on probation, parole, or any other basis until he or she has served not less than 90 days.

PEN 13825.4.

(a) Community-based organizations and nonprofit agencies that receive funds under this chapter shall utilize the funds to provide services and activities designed to prevent or deter at-promise youth from participating in gangs, criminal activity, or violent behavior.

(b) These prevention and intervention efforts shall include, but not be limited to, any of the following: (1) Services and activities designed to do any of the following:

(A) Teach alternative methods for resolving conflicts and responding to violence, drugs, and crime. (B) Develop positive and life-affirming attitudes and behaviors.
(C) Build self-esteem.

(2) Recreational, educational, or cultural activities. (3) Counseling or mentoring services.
(4) Economic development activities.

(c)(1) Funds allocated under this chapter may not be used for services or activities related to suppression, law enforcement, incarceration, or other purposes not related to the prevention and deterrence of gangs, crime, and violence.

(2) Nothing in this section shall prevent funds allocated under this chapter from being used for violence prevention and gang crime deterrence services provided by community-based organizations and nonprofit agencies to youths incarcerated in juvenile detention facilities.

(d) Services and activities provided with funds under this chapter shall be used for at-promise youth who are defined as persons from age 5 to 20 years of age and who fall into one or more of the following categories:

(1) Live in a high-crime or high-violence neighborhood as identified by local or federal law enforcement agencies.

(2) Live in a low-economic neighborhood as identified by the U.S. Census or come from an impoverished family.

(3) Are excessively absent from school or are doing poorly in school as identified by personnel from the youth's school.

(4) Come from a socially dysfunctional family as identified by local or state social service agencies. (5) Have had one or more contacts with the police.
(6) Have entered the juvenile justice system.
(7) Are identified by the juvenile justice system as being at risk.

(8) Are current or former gang members.
(9) Have one or more family members living at home who are current or former members of a gang. (10) Are identified as wards of the court, as defined in Section 601 of the Welfare and Institutions Code.

(e) Except as provided in subdivision (f),in carrying out a program of prevention and intervention services and activities with funds received under this chapter, community-based organizations and nonprofit agencies shall do all of the following:

(1) Collaborate with other local community-based organizations, nonprofit agencies or local agencies providing similar services, local schools, local law enforcement agencies, residents and families of the local community, private businesses in the local community, and charitable or religious organizations, for purposes of developing plans to provide a program of prevention and intervention services and activities with funds provided under this chapter.

(2) Identify other community-based organizations, nonprofit agencies, local agencies, and charitable or religious organizations in the local community that can serve as a resource in providing services and activities under this chapter.

(3) Follow the public health model approach in developing and carrying out a program to prevent, deter, or reduce youth gangs, crime, or violence by (A) identifying risk factors of the particular population to be targeted, (B) implementing protective factors to prevent or reduce gangs, crime, or violence in the particular community to be serviced, and (C) designing community guidelines for prevention and intervention.

(4) Provide referral services to at-promise youth who are being served under this chapter to appropriate organizations and agencies where the community-based organization or nonprofit agency can readily identify a need for counseling, tutorial, family support, or other types of services.

(5) Provide the parents and family of the at-promise youth with support, information, and services to cope with the problems the at-promise youth, the parents, and the family are confronting.

(6) Involve members of the at-risk target population in the development, coordination, implementation, and evaluation of their program of services and activities.

(7) Objectively evaluate the effectiveness of their services and activities to determine changes in attitudes or behaviors of the at-promise youth being served under this chapter towards gangs, crime, and violence.

(f) Providers of programs that operate in juvenile detention facilities shall not be required to meet the criteria specified in paragraph (5) of subdivision (e) for those programs offered only in those facilities.

PEN 13860.

The Legislature finds and declares that a substantial drug abuse and drug trafficking problem exists among school-age children on and around school campuses in the State of California. By enacting this chapter, it is the intention of the Legislature to support increased efforts by local law enforcement agencies, working in conjunction with school districts and county drug offices to suppress trafficking and prevent drug abuse among school age children on and around school campuses through the development of innovative and model programs by local law enforcement agencies and schools and drug abuse agencies. As used in this chapter, drugs are defined as marijuana, inhalants, narcotics, dangerous drugs, pharmaceuticals, glue and alcohol. It is the further intention of the Legislature to establish a program of financial and technical assistance for local law enforcement and school districts.

PEN 13861.

There is hereby created in the Office of Emergency Services the Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Program. All funds made available to the Office of Emergency Services for the purposes of this chapter shall be administered and disbursed by the Director of Emergency Services in consultation with the State Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee established pursuant to Section 13863.

(a) The Director of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee, is authorized to allocate and award funds to local law enforcement agencies and public schools jointly working to develop drug abuse prevention and drug trafficking suppression programs in substantial compliance with the policies and criteria set forth in Sections 13862 and 13863.

(b) The allocation and award of funds shall be made upon the joint application by the chief law enforcement officer of the coapplicant law enforcement agency and approved by the law enforcement agency's legislative body and the superintendent and board of the school district coapplicant. The joint application of the law enforcement agency and the school district shall be submitted for review to the Local Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee established pursuant to paragraph (4) of subdivision (a) of Section 13862. After review, the application shall be submitted to the Office of Emergency Services. Funds disbursed under this chapter may enhance but shall not supplant local funds that would, in the absence of the Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Program, be made available to suppress and prevent drug abuse among schoolage children and to curtail drug trafficking in and around school areas.

(c) The coapplicant local law enforcement agency and the coapplicant school district may enter into interagency agreements between themselves which will allow the management and fiscal tasks created pursuant to this chapter and assigned to both the law enforcement agency and the school district to be performed by only one of them.

(d) Within 90 days of the effective date of this chapter, the Director of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee established pursuant to Section 13863, shall prepare and issue administrative guidelines and procedures for the Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Program consistent with this chapter. In addition to all other formal requirements that may apply to the enactment of these guidelines and procedures, a complete and final draft shall be submitted within 60 days of the effective date of this chapter to the Chairpersons of the Committee on Criminal Law and Public Safety of the Assembly and the Judiciary Committee of the Senate of the California Legislature.

PEN 13862.

Law enforcement agencies and school districts receiving funds under this chapter shall concentrate enhanced apprehension, prevention, and education efforts and resources on drug abuse and drug trafficking in and around school campuses.

(a) These enhanced apprehension, prevention, and education efforts shall include, but not be limited to: (1) Drug traffic intervention programs.

(2) School and classroom-oriented programs, using tested drug abuse education curriculum that provides indepth and accurate information on drugs, which may include the participation of local law enforcement agencies and qualified drug abuse prevention specialists and which are designed to increase teachers' and students' awareness of drugs and their effects.

(3) Family oriented programs aimed at preventing drug abuse which may include the participation of community-based organizations experienced in the successful operation of such programs.

(4) The establishment of a Local Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Advisory Committee. The committee shall be established and appointed by the board of supervisors of each county and city and county. However, if the agency receiving funds under this chapter is a city agency and the program does not involve any county agency, or if a county agency is involved and the county board of supervisors consents, the committee shall be established and appointed by the city council. The committee may be a newly created committee or an existing local drug abuse committee as designated by the board or city council. The committee shall be composed of, at a minimum, the following:

(A) Local law enforcement executives.
(B) School district executives.
(C) Schoolsite staff, which includes administrators, teachers, or other credentialed personnel. (D) Parents.
(E) Students.
(F) School peace officers.

(G) County drug program administrators designated pursuant to Section 11962 of the Health and Safety Code.

(H) Drug prevention program executives.

(5) Development and distribution of appropriate written and audio-visual aids for training of school and law enforcement staff for handling drug-related problems and offenses. Appropriate existing aids may be utilized in lieu of development of new materials.

(6) Development of prevention and intervention programs for elementary school teachers and students, including utilization of existing prevention and intervention programs.

(7) Development of a coordinated intervention system that identifies students with chronic drug abuse problems and facilitates their referral to a drug abuse treatment program.

(b) Enhanced apprehension, prevention, and education efforts commenced under this section shall be a joint effort between local law enforcement and local school districts in cooperation with county drug program offices. These efforts shall include, but not be limited to, the concentration of apprehension efforts in "problem" areas identified by local school authorities.

(c) Funds appropriated pursuant to this chapter may be used in part to support state-level development and statewide distribution of appropriate written and audio-visual aids for public awareness and training of school and law enforcement staff for handling drug-related problems and offenses. When existing aids can be identified, these aids may be utilized in lieu of the development of new aids.

PEN 13864.

There is hereby created in the Office of Emergency Services the Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component of the Suppression of Drug Abuse in Schools Program in public elementary schools in grades 4 to 6, inclusive. Notwithstanding Section 13861 or any other provision in this code, all Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component funds made available to the Office of Emergency Services in accordance with the Classroom Instructional Improvement and Accountability Act shall be administered by and disbursed to county superintendents of schools in this state by the Director of Emergency Services. All applications for that funding shall be reviewed and evaluated by the Office of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Department of Health Care Services and the State Department of Education.

(a) The Director of Emergency Services is authorized to allocate and award funds to county department superintendents of schools for allocation to individual school districts or to a consortium of two or more school districts. Applications funded under this section shall comply with the criteria, policies, and procedures established under subdivision (b) of this section.

(b) As a condition of eligibility for the funding described in this section, the school district or consortium of school districts shall have entered into an agreement with a local law enforcement agency to jointly implement a comprehensive alcohol and drug abuse prevention, intervention, and suppression program developed by the Office of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Department of Health Care Services and the State Department of Education, containing all of the following components:

(1) A standardized age-appropriate curriculum designed for pupils in grades 4 to 6, inclusive, specifically tailored and sensitive to the socioeconomic and ethnic characteristics of the target pupil population. Although new curricula shall not be required to be developed, existing curricula may be modified and adapted to meet local needs. The elements of the standardized comprehensive alcohol and drug prevention education program curriculum shall be defined and approved by the Governor's Policy Council on Drug and Alcohol Abuse, as established by Executive Order No. D-70-80.

(2) A planning process that includes assessment of the school district's characteristics, resources, and the extent of problems related to juvenile drug abuse, and input from local law enforcement agencies.

(3) A school district governing board policy that provides for a coordinated intervention system that, at a minimum, includes procedures for identification, intervention, and referral of at-promise alcohol- and drug-involved youth, and identifies the roles and responsibilities of law enforcement, school personnel, parents, and pupils.

(4) Early intervention activities that include, but are not limited to, the identification of pupils who are high risk or have chronic drug abuse problems, assessment, and referral for appropriate services, including ongoing support services.

(5) Parent education programs to initiate and maintain parental involvement, with an emphasis for parents of at-risk pupils.

(6) Staff and in-service training programs, including both indepth training for the core team involved in providing program services and general awareness training for all school faculty and administrative, credentialed, and noncredentialed school personnel.

(7) In-service training programs for local law enforcement officers.

(8) School, law enforcement, and community involvement to ensure coordination of program services. Pursuant to that coordination, the school district or districts and other local agencies are encouraged to use a single community advisory committee or task force for drug, alcohol, and tobacco abuse prevention programs, as an alternative to the creation of a separate group for that purpose under each state or federally funded program.

(c) The application of the county superintendent of schools shall be submitted to the Office of Emergency Services. Funds made available to the Office of Emergency Services for allocation under this section are intended to enhance, but shall not supplant, local funds that would, in the absence of the Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component, be made available to prevent, intervene in, or suppress drug abuse among schoolage children. For districts that are already implementing a comprehensive drug abuse prevention program for pupils in grades 4 to 6, inclusive, the county superintendent shall propose the use of the funds for drug prevention activities in school grades other than 4 to 6, inclusive, compatible with the program components of this section. The expenditure of funds for that alternative purpose shall be approved by the Director of Emergency Services.

(1) Unless otherwise authorized by the Office of Emergency Services, each county superintendent of schools shall be the fiscal agent for any Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component award, and shall be responsible for ensuring that each school district within that county receives the allocation prescribed by the Office of Emergency Services. Each county superintendent shall develop a countywide plan that complies with program guidelines and procedures established by the Office of Emergency Services pursuant to subdivision (d). A maximum of 5 percent of the county's allocation may be used for administrative costs associated with the project.

(2) Each county superintendent of schools shall establish and chair a local coordinating committee to assist the superintendent in developing and implementing a countywide implementation plan. This committee shall include the county drug administrator, law enforcement executives, school district governing board members and administrators, school faculty, parents, and drug prevention and intervention program executives selected by the superintendent and approved by the county board of supervisors.

(d) The Director of Emergency Services, in consultation with the State Department of Health Care Services and the State Department of Education, shall prepare and issue guidelines and procedures for the Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component consistent with this section.

(e) The Comprehensive Alcohol and Drug Prevention Education component guidelines shall set forth the terms and conditions upon which the Office of Emergency Services is prepared to award grants of funds pursuant to this section. The guidelines shall not constitute rules, regulations, orders, or standards of general application.

PEN 30310.

(a) Unless it is with the written permission of the school district superintendent, the superintendent's designee, or equivalent school authority, no person shall carry ammunition or reloaded ammunition onto school grounds, except sworn law enforcement officers acting within the scope of their duties.

(b) This section shall not apply to any of the following:

(1) A duly appointed peace officer as defined in Chapter 4.5 (commencing with Section 830) of Title 3 of Part 2.

(2) A full-time paid peace officer of another state or the federal government who is carrying out official duties while in California.

(3) Any person summoned by any of these officers to assist in making an arrest or preserving the peace while that person is actually engaged in assisting the officer.

(4) A member of the military forces of this state or of the United States who is engaged in the performance of that person's duties.

(5) An armored vehicle guard, who is engaged in the performance of that person's duties, as defined in subdivision (d) of Section 7582.1 of the Business and Professions Code.

(6) Any peace officer, listed in Section 830.1 or 830.2, or subdivision (a) of Section 830.33, whether active or honorably retired.

(7) Any other duly appointed peace officer.
(8) Any honorably retired peace officer listed in subdivision (c) of Section 830.5.

(9) Any other honorably retired peace officer who during the course and scope of his or her appointment as a peace officer was authorized to, and did, carry a firearm.

(10)(A) A person carrying ammunition or reloaded ammunition onto school grounds that is in a motor vehicle at all times and is within a locked container or within the locked trunk of the vehicle.

(B) For purposes of this paragraph, the term "locked container" has the same meaning as set forth in Section 16850.

(c) A violation of this section is punishable by imprisonment in a county jail for a term not to exceed six months, a fine not to exceed one thousand dollars ($1,000), or both the imprisonment and fine.

No regulations; under Federal Law:

n/a

Source:

https://safesupportivelearning.ed.gov/sites/default/files/discipline-compendium/School%20Discipline%20Laws%20and%20Regulations%20Compendium.pdf